English Research Paper Social Change

The idea of social change is something that I would say, deep down, scares us all. When looking at two stories in particular you can see an evolution over the years. Saying this I wonder when you do look very closely at â€Å"The Lottery† by Shirley Jackson and â€Å"Shooting an Elephant† by George Orwell how much you will find alike, but also how much you will find different based on the time period in which they were written. Social Change is not something that’s easy for some people.However, it normally takes place over a time frame of years, therefore making it harder to notice when it is actually taking place. In today’s world, researchers and scientist have even been able to come up with ways in which they believe social change is taking place and can be predicted to an extent. â€Å"The Lottery† took place back in 1948, which is when it was written. Needless to say a lot of the social trends and social norms they had back then are not easily compared with the values of today’s society.What we call socially acceptable today is vastly different than what was acceptable in the 40’s. The values of society then were much more conservative. Today if I were to walk in on a social event like the lottery, wearing shorts and a t-shirt, I bet I would be the one selected to get stoned on the spot. Those days’s it was only acceptable for men to wear long pants and maybe a t-shirt. As the back ground of â€Å"The Lottery† is reveled, you are given more information on the social traditions of their fictional society.It makes you wonder if this is actually something that ever took place in history, or if it was something inspired by the culture of the 1940’s. Today we think of a lottery as being something were you have the chance to win money, but this story shows how different lotteries were then. In this story the author portrays â€Å"The Lottery† as an event were the entire village is gathe red in the courtyard to draw a piece of paper out of a hat. If you were lucky enough to choose the piece of paper out of the hat with a large black dot on it, then you were not the winning a prize.The person who draws the black dot gots stoned to death. During the 1940’s World War Two was taking place. It makes me wonder why the author, Shirley Jackson, wrote a story about people coming together to decide who gets stoned to death (â€Å"America’s†). The activities of Adolf Hitler and the Nazi’s in Germany and the persecution of the Jewish community could have influenced the story line. Considering the story is about a community assembling and deciding at random who gets to die, World War II would be a fitting influence for the author. Shooting an Elephant† has a lot of similar social problems that â€Å"The Lottery† had, but in a very different context. The elements of peer pressure and social acceptance come out in the story. Both issues are still important in today’s society.This is based on my interpretation of the story, realizing how social change is an important part of evolution. The end of the story speaks volumes about why the young man shoots the elephant. The animal was no longer being destructive or harmful. He shot the elephant because people wanted him to. I often wonder whether any of the others grasped that I had done is solely to avoid looking a fool† is the last line from the story â€Å"Shooting an Elephant†. This is further evidence that the elephant’s death was a result of social pressures. Since there were two thousand people standing behind him, waiting on him to make a move, he thought he would look like a coward if he didn’t shoot it. The villagers wanted the elephant shot for it’s meat, not just because it was running through their village. It is safe to say that social pressures were major in this time period.The story actually takes place in 1936, when it was published. You can see that â€Å"the Lottery† and â€Å"Shooting an Elephant† take place around the same time period. The setting of the story is different, however, because it takes place in Europe, just outside of a small town called Burma. The social values are similar in each story, despite them taking place so far apart. In â€Å"Shooting an Elephant†, the elephant actually gets lose from its owner and goes on what is called a â€Å"must† (also known as a rampage).It is my understandings from the story that after elephants have been confined or locked up, they have built up energy that they must get rid of. This is why when the elephant gets lose, or brakes free from its chain, it goes through the village stomping people and tearing through the huts, knocking them down. However, the villagers never give a clear answer as to where the animal was eventually tracked down. Once the man asks for a rifle to kill the elephant, the people are follow ing him to see what happens. They do this out of greed, more than curiosity. They each want dibs on the best parts of elephant meat.This is an example of one form of social change, because in today’s world we can go to the market and get whatever it may be that we need. During the twenty first century, I cannot think of a time that humans in the developed world had to fight other humans in order for survival. Due to the fact, that back in the 1940’s you had to find your own food as it became available. Social change is something that is required for us to evolve as a human race. I believe that point is made clear based on the examples given in these two stories that took place back in the 1940’s.A great way to describe social change is by its definition: â€Å"structural transformation of political, social and economic systems and institutions to create a more equitable and just society (â€Å"What†). † If you pay attention to the part of this defi nition that says â€Å"equitable and just society† then you have more insight to â€Å"The Lottery† (â€Å"What†). All of the towns people may have believed that their form of â€Å"equal and just society†, of drawing from a hat to decide as to whom gets to die, is only way to make it fair. By doing this there could potentially be less acts of random violence.Social control can go hand in hand with social change. Various countries and religions have their own forms of social control. For instance, all Muslim women have to keep their faces covered when in public, and most European countries require you to have your government issued identification cards on you at all times. â€Å"Shooting an Elephant† provides some opposite examples to the definition given above. The village were the elephant was running rampant has political implications behind it. In social change you have the â€Å"transformation of politics† (â€Å"What†).This is t he number one force behind social change a lot of time. To be an elephant owner back in that time period you had to be some form of higher social class. The man working for him is the one that tracks down and ends up killing the animal. He states in the story how he does not want to kill the animal, but felt as if he had to in order to survive himself from the pressure of the villagers. With two thousand people behind you, with their knifes ready to start prying the meat from the carcass of the elephant, you are more likely to chose what will pay off for you in the long run.Instead of waiting on the owner of the elephant to decide what to do when he was confined in the field, he decides to shoot him. Coming down to the fact of did he do what was best for the people? Or did he do it to raise his own political standing with them? Leadership is the number one role when it comes to the social model. Looking at the story â€Å"Shooting an Elephant†, and comparing it to the social change model, you can see the motive behind the man’s role as he takes a leadership position (â€Å"What†). Leadership is socially responsible, it impacts change on behalf of others† almost describes the actions taken during the time when the villagers are seeking the animal (â€Å"What†). The main epicenter of social change is just that, change. Directly in the center of the social change model you will see the word change with different leadership roles surrounding it. Secondly, you can see the same similar behavior from the mayor of the town where â€Å"The Lottery† took place. Enforcing the rules of such an event that takes place once a year, but is sought after to be an endless tradition, is not an easy task.Being the official, the mayor takes on the leadership role, also, not to mention the leadership role he is already in by the position he holds as mayor of the town. To keep the integrity of the lottery there are multiple rules in place to i nsure that it is fair for everyone involved. However, the major part of the social change model that does not fit is the change (Ryder). Any time in the story a villager brought up the fact that they thought the lottery should not continue, the mayor was out raged and spoke up to inform them that it must continue because it was a tradition.Social trends take place as a natural evolution over time, but it requires change in order for it to happen. Without the prospect of change nothing will ever evolve, leaving the villagers to repeat the same destiny year after year. Both Stories have their pros and cons, but there are two different form of social change taking place. The first story â€Å"The Lottery† is dealing with the aspect of leadership and how that leadership affects people of that community.Second, â€Å"Shooting an Elephant† deals more with the issue of pressure and influences from your surroundings. Both however come down to one main topic, and that is change . In Conclusion, social change and evolution is not something that is easy to process sometimes. You can clearly see by these two stories that evolution is self evident during the time of the 1940’s, by comparing the said evolution to recent items such as the social change model you can relate to the methods behind actions that were taken by characters in the stories.Social trend are not something that is easy to break away from. However, you can tell during â€Å"The Lottery† that there are people who are will to accept change and speak out for it! Without change we, as a society, do not have an option of social evolution for the better. With the understanding that change is not always for the better, bad change is what also helps us develop and learn from what we may call bad change at the time.

Homeschooling vs. Public Schools

What is the most important thing you want your child to do in their lifetime? Most parents would answer for them to succeed greatly in their education and in their future careers. But how can parents be sure that their children will get the best education they can get through their educational careers? Well, they can ask the estimated 2 million children who are homeschooled every year on account of the benefits homeschooling has to offer to students. Homeschooling and public schools vary in quality and the benefits each one has. The vast differences between the two may determine the better choice for a particular child. Although parents might not be an expert or licensed to teach, students who are homeschooled succeed more academically compared to public school students and the parents can have a better knowledge of how their child learns the best. Homeschooling used to be the only form of schooling before public school came about. As said in Brian D. Ray’s â€Å"Research Facts on Homeschooling†, homeschooling used to be seen as an alternative mode of education just a decade ago, but is now turning into â€Å"the fastest-growing form of education in the United States† (Ray, par. ). The statistics included in Ray’s article show that in grades kindergarten through twelfth grade, about 2. 35 million children were being homeschooled in 2010 (par. 2). Homeschooling also used to be just about the schooling. Now, some parents look toward homeschooling as a chance to enlighten their children with their own morals and appreciate their role they have on them as well; being a teache r and a parent gives them the chance to connect with their child, plus be involved with their education. One of the main questions asked about homeschooling is why parents think it’s the best choice for their children? There can be many reasons why a parent would not want their children in the public school system. From the article â€Å"Homeschooling: The Sleeping Giant of American Education†, the authors, Dan Lips and Evan Feinberg, state the average reasons why parents choose homeschooling is because of dissatisfaction with the curriculum and a certain school system, the school’s environment, and religious or moral standings not being supported in the public school system (Lips and Feinberg, par. ). Parents often feel like there is no better teacher to set their children up for success than themselves, which can be true in some cases. They feel that they can teach their offspring certain values and morals, and they can teach them in a more controlled environment without having to worry about any negative influences; making it a safer environment for their childre n as well. Parents also want the control of having their child accomplish more in their academics than they would in public schools. This could benefit in how the child is well prepared for the rest of their academic career, for example, college. The possibilities on why parents would prefer homeschooling for their children can be endless, but a question still remains: why would the government support such a small percentage of Americans who home school? Government support and involvement in homeschooling has disregarded the movement because of many issues like approval of curriculum, testing, and access to public school classroom for laboratory work or textbooks. With the government focusing on issues in the public school system, homeschooling appears to be off their radar for importance, mainly since there are less homeschooled students than there are public school students in our population. [This is where I would put support to back up my claim with a source about government money going to schools]. Taxpayers also feel better about their tax dollars going to education for our future generation, instead of a private homeschooling session for a small amount of students. The government has provided the public school system for a reason, to ensure the same important knowledge gets passed on to all the students. The public school system is filled with people who have applied their lives to teaching children, but those people can’t determine how each individual student learns in the best way for them. All students learn differently, so why unify them all in one classroom? It might be easier for the government to support the public school system since every child is getting the same education, but to ensure that those certain students whose parents choose for them not to attend public school get an education, the government needs to support them as well. As said in Lawrence M. Rudner’s study, â€Å"The Scholastic Achievement and Demographic Characteristics of Home School Students in 1998†, â€Å"Home school families have a higher median income ($52,000 in 1997) than the median income of all American families with children ($36,000 in 1995)† (Rudner, par. 4). He also states that there is less of a minority percentage (6%) in the homeschooling society than there are in public schools (par. 17). If there becomes more of a diverse population as opposed to ethnicity and family incomes in the homeschooling society, government support can be an alternative as a choice for these families. Rudner describes, â€Å"The median amount of money spent in 1997 on educational materials for home school students was $400† (par. 19). We can consider this a small amount of money compared to the high academic achievement of most home schooled students. After all this being said, the government should support the homeschooling movement to give families of other diversities a chance for their children to succeed higher in their academics. Not every parent or home is stable enough to meet homeschooling requirements. According to The Home School Legal Defense Association (HSLDA), â€Å"10 states require no notice from homeschcoolers; 15 have â€Å"low regulation† (requiring only parental notification): 19 have â€Å"moderate regulations†: and six states have â€Å"high regulation†Ã¢â‚¬  (Lips and Feinberg 22). This means the homeschoolers in those 10 states who do not require any notice that they are homeschooling can be teaching their children any given subject without the government to approve of the curriculum. How can we reassure ourselves that the future generation of this country is getting the education they need to keep the country going if we have illiterate families who insist on teaching their own children? Parents a lso are not licensed teachers to educate their children based on their knowledge. If the parents aren’t licensed to teach and don’t have much knowledge themselves, then their children are going to grow knowing the same level of knowledge their parent has. Educating your children by homeschooling is not as effective towards the quality of knowledge they can attain as if they went to a public school here there are licensed professionals who actually knows the curriculum. Most homeschooling parents are highly educated, wealthy, and are dedicated to education. Rudner describes in his study of how, based on background questionnaires, 88% of home school parents had continued their education past high school, as an average of the nation, only 50% of parents continue their education after high school (Rudner par. 13). This study shows that the majorities of the people who are teaching their children at home are well-educated and most likely know the topic in which they are teaching to their children. With what has been said in the previous paragraph, home school families tend to have a higher income than other families in the nation. This means that they will be able to afford all the special equipment and supplies it takes to school from home. Parents are also experts when it comes to understanding their offspring. They can know what works for their child in learning new things in the curriculum or how to make them understand in a way that is effective towards the child. Also, parents who home school are dedicated towards education. Either they grew up learning to be enthusiastic about education or they just want to see their child have the highest potential they can get in succeeding in their academics. I would insert some more supporting anecdote to convey why parents are effective teachers for their children]. This exact reason is why parents will devote their time to stay at home to educate their children themselves rather than sending them off to public school for some stranger to teach them. The rate of success of homeschooled students has come up a great amount of times, but how is this success measured? Home school student’s test scores are remarkable compared to public school students’ test scores. As stated in Ray’s â€Å"Research Facts on Homeschooling†, homeschooled students scored in the 15 to 30 percentile above students in public school on academic standardized tests and score above average on the SAT and the ACT (Ray par. 7). Being educated at home allows the students to move at the rate they are comfortable at, rather than going with the strict timeline the public school curriculum has. According to Rudner’s research, â€Å"almost one in four home school students (24. 5%) are enrolled one or more grades above age level† (Rudner par. 7). Rudner then notes that the information he has provided about the average test scores of the homeschooled students are from the students who are actually enrolled into the homeschooling system with the government. We wouldn’t know the average test scores of every homeschooled students in the nation because some states don’t require regulation that children are being homeschooled. Going back to what Ray stated in his studies, home-educated students score above average on standardized assessments despite their parent’s level of education and the family household’s income (Ray par. ). This just shows that the students’ academic achievement isn’t related to whether their parents are certified teachers or not. Homeschooling our children might just be the best choice in our children’s educational careers. Home educating prepares them for further education along in their lives by teaching them, not only the approved curriculum the government p rovides, but lessons about morals and values their parents live among. By having more time to have one-on-one interaction with the teacher (which in most cases are the parents), the students are able to achieve higher academic success through above average testing scores. Homeschooling is becoming more and more popular. With this becoming a more popular trend in education, the homeschooling population is also getting more diverse, making it so the government should support more of the home school movements so more families in America can experience the joy of having their children become academically successful in every way possible.

Poetry Discussion Essay

Tone (literary) is a technique used in composition which aims to address the attitudes implied by the author towards the subject and the audience. It is commonly used in poetry to express feeling and emotion (wikipedia.org). It sets the mood and gives life to a literary piece.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The five poems that were assigned to be read are all well written. The authors who wrote these poems are respected and highly acclaimed. Among the five poems that were assigned to be read for the task, William Blake’s â€Å"On Another’s Sorrow† displays the most effective use of tone to convey meaning. Although the other authors were able to use tone effectively, William Blake seems to be the best. Lucille Clifton was also effective in her use of a playful and proud tone in â€Å"Homage to my hips,† but her approach was straightforward. The depth at which tone is utilized is not on the same level as William Blake’s poem. William Blake’s poem is quite related to that of Edelman (â€Å"Trouble†) and Pinskey (â€Å"Dying†) with respect to subject. The difference is that William Blake’s use of words and imagery conveys the meaning the poem in a deeper and a more intimate fashion. On the other hand, Billy Collins used extensive imagery in describing how he sees different names in various objects.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The main subject of the poem â€Å"On Another’s Sorrow† is sympathy. He describes  Ã‚   sympathy through parent-child, person-person, and God-mankind relationships. William Blake begins with a sad and depressing tone: â€Å"Can I see another’s woe, and not be in sorrow too† (Poetseers.org)? His use of rhetorical questions in the first 6 stanzas is effective in engaging the audience with the subject being discussed. The approach strengthens the feeling of sadness, depression and sympathy. A reader will feel the emotion that the author feels when he was writing the poem. The author also used a number of words that are associated with sadness. These are: sorrow, woe, tear, grief, groan, fear and weep. One would notice that some of these words, especially â€Å"sorrow,† are repeated throughout the poem. The repetition of such words emphasizes the dominant tone used in the poem. His use of such words and imagery reveals the theme of the poem. He was able to relay the mood and meaning of the poem  Ã‚   better than the others with his use of tone. Towards the end of the poem, the author’s tone shifted from an interrogative voice to an assertive one. In these stanzas, he speaks about God’s sympathetic nature.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Imagery refers to the elements in poem that ignites the five senses (poetryarchive.org). Figures of speech such as simile and metaphor are used to create powerful and effective images. In the poem â€Å"Kubla Khan,† Coleridge used vivid imagery that could be analyzed as metaphors. The poem could be interpreted in a lot of different ways. The poem could actually be interpreted as merely a description of what the author saw in his dream. Some stanzas could imply a deeper message, while some stanzas are only descriptions of the place. When the poem is analyzed as a whole, some parts simply pertain to the elements of the landscape. The first six lines for example, simply describe what Xanadu (where Kubla Khan resides) looks like. These are merely descriptive images. On the other hand, there are portions of the poem that slightly moves away from the main subject. In the last stanza for example, he suddenly talks about a damsel who plays a dulcimer. The author says that if he could only â€Å"revive her symphony and her song,† he will be able to build â€Å"a dome in the air.† This stanza could be a metaphor for a lost idea or an incomplete poem. The author implies that if only he could revive the vision or the idea, he would create a masterpiece and become great like Kubla Khan. Works Cited Blake, William. On Another’s Sorrow. 4 January 2008 Coleridge, Samuel. Kubla Khan. 4 January 2008 â€Å"Tone.† 18 December 2007. Wikipedia.org. 4 January 2008 â€Å"Imagery.† 2005. The Poetry Archive. 4 January 2008

The Case of Mars Bar Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

The Case of Mars Bar - Research Paper Example This is the major difference between the qualitative research methodology and quantitative research methodology. The major kinds of qualitative research include depth interviews, which are face to face, focus groups and other techniques. Moreover, video chats, video conferencing, voice chats, group chats and internet interviewing are also included in the qualitative researching techniques3, 4,5. 4. Methodology Applied In order to conduct a qualitative marketing research in this respect, the researcher of this study makes use of the findings resulting from the conduct of the following interviews and discussions: Online Focus Group Interviews; Face to Face – Depth Interviews; and Focus Group Interviews Online interviews are preferred in this study as they are cost saving and require no physical space where the interviewee and interviewer could meet. Moreover, they are flexible and conducting in a very short time without requiring significant arrangements6. The disadvantages of o nline interviews include distant conversation in which the participants are sometimes distracted and therefore lack interest and motivation to participate. On the other hand, in case of depth interviews, there is a benefit that both interviewer and interviewee are able to talk to each other at the same physical place and therefore both can have a better understanding of each other’s facial expressions and gestures. Moreover, the depth interviews result in more precise and accurate information as the interviewer is more able to comprehend what interviewee wants to say6,7. However, the analysis of data resulting from depth interviews takes a lot of time and it is also possible that the interview does not follow a particular standard. Lastly,... Center of discussion in this paper is Mars Bar, a chocolate bar, which is manufactured by the company named Mars, Inc. The company began the production of the Mars chocolate back in 1932 in the UK. The chocolate bar, Mars is manufactured also in the United States of America and Canada and other parts of the world. Mars has introduced different varieties of its chocolate bars for different parts of the world while keeping in view the tastes and preferences of the people inhibiting there. In order to conduct a qualitative marketing research in this respect, the researcher of this study makes use of the findings resulting from the conduct of the following interviews and discussions: †¢ Online Focus Group Interviews; †¢ Face to Face – Depth Interviews; and †¢ Focus Group Interviews The online interviews conducted in this study revealed that there are mixed perceptions among the consumers of chocolate as to their preferences and choices for chocolates. It can be observed from the online interviews that the participants showed high preference towards Mars Bar, except one. All the respondents who preferred eating Mars over other chocolate brands were of the opinion that the taste of the chocolate is the major motivating factor which makes them to prefer Mars. When asked about the packaging of the Mars Bar, one participant shared his views by saying that, â€Å"it does not matter what packaging or wrapper is being used to cover up the chocolate†¦ it is all about what is inside the wrapper or packaging†¦ the issue of thin foil is, in my opinion, not an issue at all.† Other participants were of the opinion that there is no need to change the packaging.

Food inc Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Food inc - Essay Example My general reaction to the film is that, it is an amazing documentary that made many facts public. The film could help people protect themselves from their own businesses, something that their own government knew and allowed. Furthermore, the government should be first in fighting such foods, just as it is in fighting Osama Bin Laden. Even though some believe that cheap, a fast and tasty meal is the best food for workers on basis of convenience, this is far too little to consider, instead of its nutritional value. One of the least convincing arguments is that doing away with technology and fertilizer would leave us only with starvation documentaries to watch. Contrary, I believe that the cost of doing away with genetically modified foods is cheaper than the cost of treating diseases related with such foods, and worst of all, the lose of many lives. In order to well understand this documentary, people should remove themselves from their personal opinions and view it, just the way it is. Rhetorical devices have effectively conveyed the message. The call of action at the end is however hypocritical. This is because it only recommends buying foods at farmers markets and organic yoghurt as the only solution to the

Sexual Pressure by Peers Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Sexual Pressure by Peers - Essay Example The 2003 survey of the Kaiser Family Foundation gives one a picture of the youths’ attitude on sex, contacting sexually transmitted diseases, and unwanted/unexpected pregnancy (Stone 2004). Numerous adolescents, especially boys, feel peer pressure to have sex before they are ready (Auerback 1994). The survey also gave a report that boys mention drugs and alcohol are conveyors of sexual activities, often without the use of protection such as condom. One out three adolescent males aged 15-17 says that yes, he can sense the pressure to already engage in sexual activities, while one out of five females of the same age bracket says the same thing (Stone 2004). Their friend’s influence for them to drink was high equally for both boys and girls; pressure to take addicting substances has about the same rate with pressure to have sex, according to the survey. Finally, a total of 63 percent of adolescents surveyed (aged 15-17) agreed either strongly or somewhat that "waiting to have sex is a good thing but nobody really does this." Surprisingly, 6 percent of the boys said they are ‘more likely to say so’. Promiscuous, irresponsible sexual activity is the world’s main cause of HIV epidemic. A surprising average of two young individuals per hour per day gets the HIV virus. Half of everyday’s recorded HIV cases worldwide are young people under the age of 25. HIV/ AIDS are spreading at alarming rate and are costing billions of dollars to prevent or eradicate. It has also claimed millions of lives (Hasida 2003).

Environment of business (globalisation) Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Environment of business (globalisation) - Essay Example The admission of the overseas traders in to the less developed economies is an advantage, though it presents a number of troubles. The two main drivers towards this recent increase in globalization have been opinionated as well as industrial aspects. They have led to the flourishing of trade between countries globally. â€Å"Beginning from 1950s, globalization of industries increased at a high rate† (Griffiths and Wall, 2007 p. 37). This essay gives a critical analysis of two of the main drivers of this wave, which are political forces and technological aspects. The driving force towards adopting the various forms of globalization and the consequences of these options as well as the benefits and disadvantages of globalization have been discussed. Several examples of globalization have been highlighted. In the early 1950s, leaders especially from the developed economies needed to build up scheme of making certain that a war of such intensity could never recur. This had to be realized through removal of the barriers that formed impediments to trade in order to boost success and increase interdependence amongst nations globally. Mainly the powerful were involved in developing frameworks for international trade and investment through agreements. They established key global institutions. According to (Barry 2008 p. 91), â€Å"These political powers promoted international treaties that were aimed at upholding international trade through tariff reductions and encouragement of free trade amongst its members. Barry (2008 p. 91) further states that, â€Å"By 1994, its membership included more than 100 member states†. Through it, there was a major reduction in the restrictions that hampered trade before it was established. Such restrictions included a minimum quantity of what was to be traded. Held and Mcgrew, (2000 p.18) observe that â€Å"GATT membership kept on rising, and in 1995, it was transformed in to World Trade Organization†. This was transformation was a step taken

Coursework for global market Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Coursework for global market - Assignment Example Interest rates were pushed down through conventional and non-conventional measures. Conventional measure is a state where the central bank of a given state is not directly involved in lending funds to the government or other financial institutions; neither does it directly buy any type of debt instruments in the market. They are able to manage the level of interest rates, thus managing liquidity and in long run; prices are stabilized in the market. Unconventional measures refer to policies that aim at the cost and accessibility of outside finance to other stakeholders like households and non-financial companies. With rates significantly brought down, investors had sufficient funds and they had to look for elsewhere to invest. These trends later occurred to cause problems as this was supposed to happen when inflation is at lowest level possible under a depressed economy. Economic shock was strong such that it affected the economy and further cutting down of interest was not possible leading to firms resulting in unconventional policy which even when transmission process of monetary is impaired, it may be warranted In 1997-1998, investors lost confidence in the Asian market since the resulting returns were very low and had brought them server loss. This caused financial crisis in potential market, investors could no longer join the market as it was initially which it later affected the world economy. Secondly, in Asian countries and other new markets, many firms had huge debts in dollars, when their currency failed; it became a major problem as debts rose significantly. It has been an on-going challenge in international business though currently is not serious like it was during that time. Yes, this is because for business to go on smoothly there is need to understand the market you are entering. Potential crisis is therefore of paramount importance for any firm to understand before venturing to the

Icon effects Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Icon effects - Essay Example Is it just a matter of gaining money from tourism, or is there more to it than that? Idea of the cultural capital in the sense of a store of valuable ideas that means something to locals and to visitors. Who buys iconic objects and why? Key concepts: souvenirs, history, memory and pride. Four cities to be chosen (initial thoughts are London, Edinburgh, Cardiff and Liverpool). Think about criteria for selection, and amend choice if necessary. Plan a journey to each of the four cities, in such a way as to minimise costs. Devise a small budget to pay for travel and buy icons from 4 tourist shops in each city. Idea: ask shopkeeper what item under  £5.00 people buy most, note down the answer. Repeat in 4 shops in each city (budget maximum  £80 for icons, possibly less if the item is the same in two chosen shops, since there no need to buy twice). Take digital photographs of city’s main iconic objects or locations. Gather tourist brochures on each city for case study analysis. On return from field trips, prepare a case study of each city, describing the icons and discussing how each city uses them. When all four case studies are complete, compare and discuss them drawing out similarities and differences. In the conclusion, write up what the impact of the icons has been for each

Nursing Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 3

Nursing - Assignment Example While some people may question the effectiveness of using group decision making in management, others have used it with the results being quite impressive. When members of a team are allowed to get involved in the decision making process, they can share various ideas, some of which are usually excellent for management. However, there are some situations in which decisions made in a group might not be as effective as they ought to be. This happens when the group members making the decisions are biased or are polarized. They tend to be subjective and not critical enough of the decisions they make. Managers working in teams should ensure that the groups they involve in decision making are as objective as they can be. This will help them avoid making polarized decisions which might end up hurting their organization. In the nursing field, it is important to involve everyone in decision making as this is the best way to come up with best practices within an institution or community. When decisions are made by a team, everyone is involved in analyzing the benefits as well as the risks involved. They can also look at some of the alternatives that they have at their disposal if they think that the action they have decided to take is too risky. Managers who involve their teams in decision making have a better chance at success since their teams are normally supportive of decisions made. Conflict is a social trait that is unavoidable according to Rahim (2002). Conflict management is, therefore, an important skill that every manager should have. However, as much as conflict comes with a negative connotation, there are some positive aspects to it. It can stimulate creativity, create opportunities and in the long run, improve performance. The question that every manager has to deal with is how much conflict should be allowed within their teams. It is not easy to develop a formula of how much conflict should be allowed within a team in a professional set-up (Rahim, 2002).

Management Accounting Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words - 6

Management Accounting - Essay Example The cost of each Renault car is  £ 12,000 (Crosson, 2011). The company’s expenses will include fixed expenses and variable expenses (Noreen, 2008). On the other hand, the company pays for variable expenses. The variable expenses fluctuate or change in the same direction as the car revenues (DuBrin, 2009). Comparison with Competitor’s Price. The above Table 1 information shows sales prices are pegged on the Skoda car competitor’s selling prices. The above table indicates that the company’s Skoda selling price is lower than the competitor’s car selling price in order to increase customer demand for the Skoda (Hartline, 2011). In the same manner, the company is selling its Renault car at a selling price that is lower than the competitor’s selling price. The lower price is a marketing strategy to increase revenues (Buttle, 2009). Since the prices are lower, the company expects to generate high Skoda and Renault car revenues (UKCardiscount, 2012 ). In addition, the above table 2 data indicates the sales prices of the company’s Renault car in relation to the competitor’s selling price (Chandler, 2011). The above table indicates that the current and future customers can save more money if they purchase the company’s lower priced Renault car, when compared to purchasing the competitor’s car (UKCardiscount, 2012). Further, the table 3 data clearly shows the company’s fixed expenses (Glencoe, 2011). The fixed expenses include the flat rent, electricity, water, telephone, garbage, and other expenses (Levine, 2008). The increase in the car sales normally does not significantly influence the fixed expenses. The fixed expenses are period expenses (City-data, 2012). Furthermore, the table 4 statistical data clearly shows the company’s variable expenses. When the sales increase, the variable expenses also increase (Miltenburg, 2005). In the same manner, when the sales decline from one accounting period to

Death Penalties in the UK Essay Example for Free

Death Penalties in the UK Essay In PSHE we were studying death penalties in the world. All of the students had different opinions on why we should have or why we shouldn’t have it like it is now in the UK. In this case my opinion is to keep it how it is and not punish criminals with death penalties. I would like to keep the law with no death penalties in the UK. This is because even though the do horrible crimes to get a death penalty, they are still human and there are a lot of things that could go wrong. You could be taking an innocent person who done nothing wrong and giving the death penalty and realizing your mistake after they’re dead. Even if they are guilty there could be so much pain when they are getting injected or shot or any other ways to kill them. Just because they’re murderers, they are still human. Also, what if they did get their death penalty but they didn’t die until an hour after or several minutes, just imagine how much pain that person would be, how their family would feel, how you would feel if you were in that same position. A woman from the UK was sent to America to get a death penalty for something she might not have done and we’re only depending on the evidence of two people. On May 4th 1990 in Florida a man named Jesse Joseph Tafero was executed on the electrocution chair. During the execution, six-inch flames erupted from Taferos head, and three jolts of power were required to stop his breathing. State officials claimed that the botched execution was caused by inadvertent human error the inappropriate substitution of a synthetic sponge for a natural sponge that had been used in previous executions. They attempted to support this theory by sticking a part of a synthetic sponge into a common household toaster and observing that it smoldered and caught fire. Just ask yourself the question: would you liked to be treated this way? This also has a bad picture on Britain. Keep the old saying into your head: treat other people the way YOU would like to be treated. This is my opinion and I think you should take this on mind because we would like to keep a nice image on Britain and not damage it more than it already is. Please don’t put the death penalty in Britain. A lot of people would agree with me.

Growth Of The Medical Tourism Industry Tourism Essay

Growth Of The Medical Tourism Industry Tourism Essay CHAPTER 2 LITERATURE REVIEW In the previous chapter a brief introduction to the meaning of medical tourism and the medical tourism industry has been given to develop a basic understanding of the subject for this dissertation. This chapter deals with the review of the literature for developing a conceptual and theoretical background for further research and identifying the research areas required. Literature review is an essential part of any research as it not only helps the researcher understand the research areas required, but also develops a conceptual background of the study for the reader. In survey and experimental research, the review of literature serves as a variety of background functions, which helps in the preparation of the collection of the actual data (SINGH, 2007, pp-61). The literature review in this dissertation has been designed in a systematic and a conclusive way for the reader to understand the subject clearly. The literature review has been divided into three main parts which are:- (Part A) Introduction:-This part deals with the literature required for understanding the concept of medical tourism as an industry and the medical tourism industry in India. (Part B) Medical Tourism in India: Strategic Implications and Growth:-This part consists of literature required to study the strategic implications and factors influencing growth of the medical tourism industry in India. This part is related to the second and third objective of this dissertation and also helps in developing a research area required for the fourth and fifth objective. (Part C) Conclusion:-After understanding the concept of the strategic implications and growth of the medical tourism industry the main conceptual framework can now be made and the main research areas can now be identified. The reason for this literature review is not just to review the related literature but to identify the concepts that will be used in the research. The importance of a literature review cannot be matched by an understanding as to how a review of literature can be done but how it can be used in the research (HART, 1998, pp-1).This chapter will help in finding the questions that needs to be answered in the research. PART A Medical Tourism: Background (A.1)Defining Medical Tourism Since ancient times, travellers have left their homeland in search of the best health care possible. Historical records show that early civilizations, such as the Romans (about 4 to 400 BC) were drawn toward the healing properties of bath or spring waters (KHAN, 2010).Although Medical tourism seems to be an entirely new concept which is now being acknowledged as an industry itself it has existed from the 18th century. Some of the earliest forms of tourism were directly aimed at increased health and well being for example, the numerous spas that remain in many parts of Europe and elsewhere, which in some cases represented the effective start of local tourism, when taking the waters became common by the 18th century (CONNEL, 2005).By the 19th century spas were found in the most remote colonies such as the French Pacific Territory of New Caledonia while the emergence of hill stations throughout the tropics further emphasized curative properties of tourism (SMYTH,2005 cited in WOODSIDE,2 007).History proves that medical tourism has existed for a long time. According to John Connell (Cited in WOODMAN,2007) recently travellers have travelled in search of yoga and meditation as the search for cure took on more spiritual and holistic perspectives. Today people not only travel long distances for spas and relaxation but for complicated medical procedures in search for affordable and quality medical care. Globalisation, it is said, lifts nations out of their isolated existence and makes them part of one knowledge society. Today, outsourcing of activities like labora ­tory investigations, medical transcriptions, software de ­velopment, and telemedicine to countries like India, China, Korea, Japan, has become easier with business process outsourcing(QUADEER and REDDY,2010) . The globalization of healthcare services has given rise to a new phenomenon called Medical Tourism. It is also called Healthcare Globalization, Health Vacation, Wellness Tourism, Medical Outsourcing, or Generation Next Health Holidays. The term Medical Tourism can be defined as travel outside ones home country in search of healthcare that is either less expensive or more accessible (KHAN, 2010).Carrera and Bridges (Cited in LUNT and CARERRA, 2010) identify health tourism as the organised travel outside ones local environment for the maintenance, enhancement or restoration of an individuals well-being in mind and body. Definitions and the seeking to know meaning of terms and words can put things right elementarily between people and their words (JACKSON, JACKSON and HARMON, 197, pp-235). Although there are many definitions of the term Medical Tourism the definition must serve the general purpose of understanding the meaning of the term Medical tourism. The term Medical tourism can be divided into two words Medical and Tourism as shown in the figure below (JAGYASI, 2008). MEDICAL TOURISM MEDICAL TOURISM The word Medical means treatment of illness, disorder or injuries. The activities of persons travelling to and stay in a place outside their usual environment for leisure, business and other purposes. + Figure 1: Defining Medical Tourism Source: JAGYASI, P.2008.Defining Medical Tourism ~ another approach. Medical Tourism Magazine .July 15 th According to Dr Prem Jagyasi (JAGYASI, 2008) understanding of the words medical and tourism individually will not be sufficient to define the term Medical Tourism. Considering the definitions of the words, medical tourism can be defined as a set of activities in which a person travels often long distance or across the border, to avail medical services with direct or indirect engagement in leisure, business or other purposes. Today medical tourism has become a huge industry itself.According to a report by Mckinsey and company and the confideration of Indian industry(2005) the medical tourism industry is expected to become a hundered million dollar industry by the year 2012.The figure below represents the projected growth in the earning in revenues of the worldwide medical tourism industry. Figure 2 Some of the internationally know hospitals for medical tourism such as Bumrungrad in Thailand and Apollo in India, report revenue growth of about 20 percent to 25 percent annually (ROTH, 2006). McKinsey Company (2005) estimates that Indian medical tourism will grow to $2.3 billion by 2012.In 2005 approximately 250,000 medical tourists sought care in Singapore, and 500,000 travelled to India for medical care(HUTCHINSON,2005).According to these reports the medical tourism industry is expected to grow at a large scale. A commonality in all these reports concludes that the three main destinations where growth of this industry is expected to be the highest are India, Thailand and Singapore which are countries in Asia. Therefore before the medical tourism industry in India can be seen it is important to identify the key factors influencing growth of the medical tourism industry in Asia and the different destinations gaining popularity in this industry who will eventually are the competito rs. (A.2) Medical Tourism in Asia Table 1: Popular medical tourism destinations around the world. Source:-NATAN, M and SEFER, E.2009.Medical Tourism: A New role of Nursing? .OJIN: The online journal of Issues in Nursing. July 22 .Vol 14 There are many countries that are now competing in the medical tourism industry all around the world. The table given below indicates the major destinations for medical tourism in the world. As it can be seen Asia has a lot of countries that have established themselves as medical tourism destinations. According to an update in a report given by Deloitte (2008) the number of medical tourists visiting Asia will grow at a rate of 20% annually and will create an industry worth US$4 billion by the year 2012.India is estimated to account for half of the medical tourism industry, countries like Singapore, Malaysia and Thailand are already promoting their medical tourism industries. Asia The Americas Europe Africa Oceania China Argentina Belgium South Africa Australia India Bolivia Germany Israel Jordan Brazil Columbia Hungary Lithuania Malaysia Philippines Singapore Thailand Cost Rica Jamaica Mexico United States Poland Asian Governments are now supporting medical tourism through organizing awards and promotional events such as Asian Spa and Wellness tourism in 2006 and the establishment of dedication promotional boards (HENDERSON,2004 cited in COCHRANE,2008) The four main countries identified as medical tourism destinations in Asia are Thailand, Malaysia, Singapore and India. In 2002 Thailand became home to the Asias first JCI-Accredited hospital which was Bumrungrand in Bangkok and presently has six other hospitals which have been given this accreditation (WOODMAN, 2009). In Thailand according to the Kasikorn Research Centre, about 1.28 million foreigners visited hospitals in 2005 generating revenues of about thirty three million Thai baht (DELOITTE, 2008).Another important destination for medical tourism is India a country that has pioneered the outsourcing industry is now quickly gaining popularity as a medical tourism destination. Before the medical tourism industry in India can be looked at it is important to understand the factors that promote Asia itself as a caterer to the medical tourism industry. As seen below a SWOT analysis on the medical tourism industry is given which analysis the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats of Asia itself. Organizations use the SWOT analysis as the first step in developing their marketing plan as it is relatively an easy process and helps in describing the major considerations to be taken in designing an appropriate strategy(BRIGGS,2001,p-47). This SWOT analysis plays a significant part of this research as it outlines the significant strategic implications of the Medical tourism in Asia. SWOT ANALYSIS OF THE MEDICAL TOURISM INDUSTRY IN ASIA STRENGTHS à ¢Ã… ¾Ã‚  More mature medical tourism markets, facilities, and practices. à ¢Ã… ¾Ã‚  Government sponsored tax breaks and open environment for foreign private investments in healthcare infrastructure. à ¢Ã… ¾Ã‚   A relative surplus in the labour pool due to large populations and strong emphasis in education in some countries. à ¢Ã… ¾Ã‚  A history of using complementary and alternative e.g., yoga, Ayurveda, herbs, TCM/TKM. à ¢Ã… ¾Ã‚   In close proximity to Middle Eastern medical tourists. à ¢Ã… ¾Ã‚  Asia also has a booming tourism market with many scenic locations and various types of geography (beaches to mountains) to choose from. à ¢Ã… ¾Ã‚  Asians are known for their culture of hospitality and service. à ¢Ã… ¾Ã‚  Services and procedures such as: wellness/CAM, eye-care, musculoskeletal care, cardiac care, transplants, haemodialysis, and general/plastic surgery. Source:-VEQUIST, VALDEZ and MORRISON, 2009 WEAKNESSES à ¢Ã… ¾Ã‚  The length of travel for many European and North American tourists. à ¢Ã… ¾Ã‚  Some fears of travelling to Asia because of a reputation of social unrest, corruption and violence. à ¢Ã… ¾Ã‚  The lack of European and North American language (e.g., English, German, French, etc.) ability. à ¢Ã… ¾Ã‚  The culture in Asia is arguably very different from occidental cultures. à ¢Ã… ¾Ã‚  Difficulty in seeking legal remedy in the event of malpractice. à ¢Ã… ¾Ã‚  Large disparity in the healthcare systems for the poor and rich/medical tourists. à ¢Ã… ¾Ã‚  Several Asian countries are trying to serve too wide a swath of the market to maintain a sustainable industry. Source:-VEQUIST, VALDEZ and MORRISON, 2009 As it can be seen above the strengths and weaknesses of the medical tourism industry in Asia have been identified. These factors play an important role in identifying the strengths and weaknesses of the medical tourism industry in India as the Indian medical tourism industry is a part of the Asian medical tourism industry. These factors also develop a contrast between the positive and negative features of the medical tourism industry in Asia. As it can be seen above Asia also has a booming tourism market and is known for hospitality and service. The health care facilities in Asia are well developed. Asia also has a history of using complementary and alternative medicines which will support in developing wellness tourism .Although there are many positives of this industry in Asia, it also has some negatives such as a weak legal system in the case of malpractice. People also have the fear of the unknown as there is a change in the social climate. These factors relate to the Indian medi cal tourism industry in many ways but some of them may not apply such as the language barrier as India has a large English speaking population and the legal system which is developing rapidly. After a comparative study of the strengths and weaknesses of the Asian medical tourism industry a comparison of the opportunities and threats is discussed in the SWOT analysis. The next two factors of the SWOT analysis are the opportunities and threats which draw a comparative study on the external capabilities of the Asian medical tourism industry. Source:-VEQUIST, VALDEZ and MORRISON, 2009 OPPORTUNITIES à ¢Ã… ¾Ã‚  Large populations in the region offer many advantages (e.g., more regional medical tourism, lower cost of labour, more healthcare professionals, etc.). à ¢Ã… ¾Ã‚   Increasing strength and diversity of Asian economies and many fast-growing areas. à ¢Ã… ¾Ã‚   Many strong governmental initiatives supporting medical tourism. à ¢Ã… ¾Ã‚  Shrinking cost of fuel (i.e. gas prices) which makes airfare lower and encourages medical tourism. à ¢Ã… ¾Ã‚  The wealth in the Middle Eastern could lead to more tourists travelling to the Asian region. à ¢Ã… ¾Ã‚  The Asian expertise in off-shoring of various industries to add to their chances to capitalize on this market. à ¢Ã… ¾Ã‚  The emphasis on education and healthcare in many countries in Asia. à ¢Ã… ¾Ã‚   Strong private investments will build the infrastructure of the region. THREATS à ¢Ã… ¾Ã‚   Disease (particularly pandemics), social unrest, terrorism, overcrowding, dirty environments in some areas of Asia are perceived negatively and hurt marketing efforts. à ¢Ã… ¾Ã‚  Competition from Latin America, Eastern Europe, and the Middle East for North American, European, and Middle Eastern medical tourists. à ¢Ã… ¾Ã‚  Due to the economy, many consumers simply do not have large enough cash reserve to pay for services or airfare. à ¢Ã… ¾Ã‚  Limited numbers of insurance carriers that have comprehensive relationships with medical providers in Asia. à ¢Ã… ¾Ã‚  Fast growth of medical tourism in other regions and countries outside of Asia. Source:-VEQUIST, VALDEZ and MORRISON, 2009 As seen above the opportunities of the Asian medical tourism industry is huge and a major advantage is the increasing strength of the economies which fuels the development of stronger governments and health care infrastructure. Asia also expertises in off-shoring servicing as seen in the case of India which is also considered the off-shoring capital of the world. Although there are many opportunities there are threats to the Asian medical tourism industry as there is an increasing competition from Latin America and certain countries in Europe. Asia is also perceived as a continent of social unrest, terrorism and unhealthy environment which impacts negatively on the marketing strategy. In the above SWOT analysis the strength, weaknesses, opportunities and threats of the Asian medical tourism industry can be highlighted. These factors explore the internal and external capabilities of Asia itself in this industry which brings out a contrast between the positive and negative features of this industry in Asia. These factors adversely affect the medical tourism industry in India. (A.3) Medical Tourism in India. The Indian governments commitment to providing compre ­hensive healthcare to the citizens, irrespective of their paying capacity, as part of its welfare policies was given up after 30 years of independence when the Sixth Plan opened up medical care to the voluntary and private sectors (QUADEER and REDDY, 2010).The involvement of the private sectors in the health care industry in India helped in the emergence of a corporate health sector in the 1990s.After opening up to the corporate sector in healthcare policies the government emphasised on healthcare to the poor and their involvement in it which was seen in the eighth and ninth year plans given by the government of India in 1992 and 1997 respectively. The acceptance of the new economic policy, of the health sector reforms by 1992 increased cutbacks in public sector investments in health as well as the commoditisation of health services (RAMA and NUNDY, 2008).The cutback in public sector investments led to the breakdown of the publ ic healthcare institutions with more collaboration from the private healthcare sector. When the healthcare services became dominated by the private sector, a new phenomenon of healthcare services becoming a form of market expansion and financial gains rather that welfare could be observed. This gave rise to the medical tourism industry in India. The government policy of merging medical expenditure and tourism was announced by Finance Minister Jaswant Singh in his 2003 annual budget speech when he described India as a global health desti ­nation. He identified the potential of complex health care services that are offered at relatively cheaper rates and yet earned profits. In this report he also mentioned the possibilities in investing in large chains of medical institutions and creating medi-cities. After this report heavy investment in improving medical institutions continued and today India has become of the fastest growing medical tourism destinations. This country is usually viewed as one of the most important global leader in the medical tourism industry, and it advertises itself as offering everything from alternative ayurvedic therapy to coronary bypasses and cosmetic surgery (CONNELL, 2006).Some hospital executives in India use the phrase value medical travel to promote India as a high-quality, low-cost destination for international health care travellers (TURNER, 2007).The medical tourism industry has grown at a large scale with companies like WellPoint Blue Cross Blue Shield to handle their pilot program of offering medical tourism for Americans travelling to India (KHAN,2010).India has made its mark in the medical tourism industry in the world by providing world class medical care at cheap and affordable prices. In a nutshell it has been predicted that the Indian medical tourism industry will rise rapidly and will continue to grow at a fast pace. There are many growth drivers involved in the evolution of this industry in India; some of them include cost factors, government policies and quality health care. After a brief understanding of the emergence of the medical tourism industry in India it is important to understand the factors involved in the growth process. The next part deals with an in-depth review of literature on the growth drivers and strategic implications of the medical tourism industry in India. PART B Medical Tourism in India: Growth and Strategic implications (B.1)Medical tourism in India: Growth Professor Michael Porter from the Harvard University is one of the well know strategic writers and describes the industry lifecycle model as the grandfather of concepts for predicting the industry evolution (LYNCH, 1997).According to this model an industry goes through four major stages which are introduction ,growth, maturity and decline. The figure shown below is the diagrammatic representation of the industry lifecycle with the four steps. Figure 2: Industry Lifecycle Stages Source:-LYNCH, 1997, p 126 This concept helps in describing any industry as it goes through the stages as a result the strategy of the industry changes as the stage changes. It also can help in formulating the correct strategy required at a particular stage in the industry lifecycle in an entrepreneur perspective. This concept is very well relevant to the medical tourism industry as it helps in identifying the stage that the industry is in. Identifying these key aspects at an early stage will lead to formulating the right strategy for the success of a business entering this industry. It is important for companies to understand the use of the industry lifecycle for businesses to compete in the industry effectively and successfully (BAUM and MCGAHAN, 2004). In 2007, an estimated 750,000 Americans travelled abroad for medical care and an estimated growth to a staggering six million was expected by the end of 2010(BALIGA, 2006).According to a study carried out by Deloitte in 2008 there will be a large amount of significant growth in the medical tourism industry. In this study the numbers of medical tourist from the United States of America going to foreign countries for treatments will increase. This report also indicates that the medical tourism industry may reach the maturity by 2016 where the growth will start decreasing. This report basically proves that this industry is growing and can therefore be place in the growth sector of the industry lifecycle. The growth sector of the industry lifecycle represents that the market is expanding and customers have become more informed about the products. In this stage there will be more competitors that will enter the industry market (CARPENTER and SANDERS, 2009).The figure given below is the es timated growth given in the Deloitte report (2008) of the medical tourists going to foreign countries for medical treatment. Figure 3: Annual growth and patient volume growth in major countries in the medical tourism industry Source: Deloitte report (2008) GROWTH INTRODUCTION TIME Figure 4: Predicted Growth of the medical tourism industry in India The figure represents a huge rise in the patient volume growth in major countries over the next few years which indicated the amount of growth and demand in the medical tourism industry. These statistics affect the medical tourism industry in India in terms of growth planning and understanding that growth potential of this industry in India. After witnessing the immense growth of the medical tourism industry in the world, India felt the need for this industry and entered into this market in late 2002. Indias efforts to promote medical tourism took off in late 2002, when the Confederation of Indian Industry (CII) produced a report in collaboration with McKinsey Company which outlined the immense growth potential of this sector in India (KURIACHAN and BASANTH, 2008).In this report they made future predictions of this industry in India considering the economic and political factors. There were many strategic points hig hlighted in this report which concluded that the forecasted growth of the medical tourism industry in India will be from US $ 18.7 billion in 2001 to around US $ 45 billion by 2012 which is equivalent to 8.5% of GDP. The figure below represents the predicted growth according to the Confederation of Indian Industry (CII) and McKinsey Company. Year US $Billion [Type a quote from the document or the summary of an interesting point. You can position the text box anywhere in the document. Use the Text Box Tools tab to change the formatting of the pull quote text box.] Source: Confederation of Indian Industry (CII) and McKinsey Company (cited in KURIACHAN and BASANTH, 2008) As it can be seen above the medical tourism industry in India is expected to grow to a 45 billion dollar industry by the year 2012 which is a 26.3% rise from the year 2001. The worldwide market for medical tourism is estimated in 2004 was estimated to be US $ 40 billion with India market share 1%.In 2012 the world medical tourism industry will be US $ 100 billion with India market share being 3% (KURIACHAN and BASANTH, 2008).These figures represent that the Indian medical tourism industry will grow at a fast pace .At a strategic level it is important to understand the factors which will affect the growth of this industry in India. (B.3Factors influencing growth of medical tourism industry in India The previous section showed the predicted growth of the medical tourism industry in India and the SWOT analysis of Asia that affect this industry in India. To analyze the medical tourism industry in India on a strategic level the competitive advantage of India must be analyzed. In reference to this context of global competition was given by Michael Porter in his book The competitive advantage of nations. He conducted a study of ten nations to develop an analytical framework at a strategic level, which tries to explain why a nation succeeds in particular industries but not in others (PORTER.1990).Porter suggests that the national home base of an organisation plays a very important role in creating an advantage on an international scale (JOHNSON, SCHOLES and WHITTINGTON, 2005).The study on this model can clearly help in distinguishing the factors that may influence the growth of the medical tourism industry in India. The model basically describes the four main attributes that individua lly and as a system constitute the diamond of national advantage .These attributes are:- Factor Conditions:-The nations position in factors of production, such as skilled labour or infrastructure necessary to compete in a given industry. Demand Conditions:-The nature of home market demand for the industrys product or service. Related and Supporting Industries:-The presence or absence in the nation of supplier industries and other related industries that are internationally competitive. Firm Strategy, Structure and Rivalry:-The conditions in the nation governing how companies are created organized and managed as well as the nature of domestic rivalry. Source:-PORTER, 2008 Chance and the government are two factors that influence these four determinants, but are not determinants themselves (OZ, 2002). FIRM STRATEGY, STRUCTURE AND RIVALRY RELATED AND SUPPORTING INDUSTRIES DEMAND CONDITIONS FACTOR CONDITIONS CHANCE GOVERNMENT Figure 4: Michael Porters Diamond Framework: Competitive Advantage of Nations Source: PORTER (1998, p. 127) (B.4)Strategic implications Figure 4: Strategic implications of the Medical tourism Industry As described by LYNCH (1997) there are many strategic implications for the industry lifecycle .These can be modified in terms of the medical tourism industry as shown in the following figure. These Strategic implications will also help in the clear understanding of the drivers responsible for the growth of this industry. MEDICAL TOURISM INDUSTRY Customer strategy Research and Development strategy Company Strategy Competitor strategy Source:-Modified from LYNCH (1997, p 127) The first strategic implication is customer strategy which is one of most important implications as it tends to understand the customer strategy for selecting the product and the factors which are involved in it. This is also a significant factor that a business in this industry should try and evaluate on a continuous basis to complete efficiently and effectively with the growth of the medical tourism industry in the industry life cycle. By understanding customer strategy a clear view on the factors affecting the growth of the medical tourism industry can be identified. Joseph Woodman (2008) in this book Patient beyond Borders: Everybodys Guide to Affordable, World-class Medical Travel gives a guide to consumers interested in going abroad for medical treatments. In this book a step by step guide is also given and the factors influencing consumers to choose medical tourism have also been identified. According to this book there may be many reasons why medical tourists travel to attain medical care but there are seven main reasons as shown in the figure below. It is important to explore the customer strategy as it tends to understand why medical tourists choose certain particular locations as their medical tourism destination. The figure given below represents the customer strategy and the main factors influencing it. Figure 5: Customer strategy for the Medical Tourism Industry Cost saving Better quality care Customer Strategy Shorter waiting periods Other Treatments Inpatient friendly Excluded treatments Speciality treatments Source:-WOODMAN (2008, pp 51-63) Cost Saving As health care costs in developed countries like the United States of America and United Kingdom escalate individuals, small businesses, and state governments are all attempting to control health-related expenditures. Outsourcing health care to countries where surgical procedures and other forms of treatment are available at substantially lower prices is attracting interest from individuals and businesses (TURNER, 2007). With the continuing health care cost increases in developed countries, it is likely that patients, insurers and employers, particularly in countries where employers share the costs of private health insurance, will continue seeking low cost treatment abroad (FORGIONE and SMITH, 2007). There many ways in which service costs are kept low for example most provider countries, malpractice litigation costs are much lower than in most highly developed countries, which has helped to reduce the cost of medical care(HADI,2009,p.11). Table 1: Major Medical Tourism Destinations: Cost Comparison Medical procedures USA India Thailand Singapore Costa Rica Mexico Korea Heart Bypass $80,000 To $130,000 $6,651 to $9,300 $11,000 $16,500 $24,000 $22,000 $34,150 Heart Valve Replacement $160,000 $9,000 to $9,000 $10,000 $12,500 $15,000 $18,000 $29,500 Angioplasty $57,000 $4,998 to 7,500 $13,000 $11,200 $9,000 $18,000 $19,600 Hip Replacement $43,000 $5,800 to 7,100 $12,000 $9,200 $12,000 $14,000 $11,400 Hysterectomy $20,000

Criminal Profiling: Peter Sutcliffe

Criminal Profiling: Peter Sutcliffe Criminal Profiling: Peter Sutcliff One other aspect we can all discuss which is relatively new, is the work of psychologists in helping the police in catching a killer, it is known as criminal profiling or offender profiling, which can be traced back to 1888 when ‘Thomas Bond gave a detailed description on Jack the Ripper’ (Cross) it was later used by the FBI in America. Following the case of The Yorkshire Ripper it began to be used in Britain by the police force in other cases of catching other criminals and serial killers. The Yorkshire Rippers profile could have looked similar to the points below; 1, Has local knowledge of where the crimes are committed 2, Lives within the vicinities of the crime scenes 3, is likely to be somewhat of a loner 4, Could be married or living alone 5, if married, may spend time away from home on a regular basis 6, is disorganised 7, Sadistic 8, Religious 9, has a grudge against prostitutes 10, Is probably in a job, but of no skill Discuss the various theories of crime in relation to your chosen criminal In order to complete this discussion the chosen criminal shall be Peter William Sutcliff aka The Yorkshire Ripper, who during the time span of July 1975 and January 1981, claimed the lives of thirteen women, and attacked seven more. Most of Sutcliff’s victims were prostitutes and he committed the crimes within the vicinities of Leeds and the North of England. He used a variety of methods to kill and attack his victims, and an array of weapons. The methods used to kill and attack his victims included stabbing, strangulation, and bashing and the weapons he used consisted of an array of knives, a hammer, a hacksaw and a Ball-pein hammer, which later became his signature. Peter William Sutcliff was the first born of six children to Kathleen a quiet and solid catholic woman and John a man whom had an appetite for life ‘Murder case book vol 1’. It was his mother Kathleen that provided stability and security and gave him round the clock care following his birth due to the fact he was a small and weak baby. Peter grew up to be fond of his mother, more so than his father and it is reported that ‘he would hide behind her skirt on many occasion (murder case book vol 1). During his school years Peter was bullied by other children and would regularly play truant, his grades were of a poor standard and he left school at the age of fifteen without qualifications, he embarked on a variety of jobs, all of which he was unable to hold down due to the constant lateness of his arrival at work, one job which Peter had, and had held for three years was a post as a grave digger at Bingley Cemetery, during his early adult life he was regarded as being somewhat of a loner, deep and introvert ( murder case book vol 1) and would be the subject of ridicule by his family. Peter took an interest in body building at this time and would spend hours alone training, at this time he also met his future wife Sonia in a local pub when he was with his work colleagues, they had a relationship which lasted for eight years before finally In 1974. In 1969 John, Peter’s father discovered that Kathleen his wife was having an affair with a local policeman and he arranged for the whole family to confront her about it, Peter was devastated; it was later that year that he carried out an attack on a prostitute in Bradford following a row with her about a  £10 note. He hit her on the head with a stone in a sock while out in the red light district, of which he was a frequent visitor t. In 1971 Sonia his then girlfriend had a mental breakdown and at this time she reported to her psychiatrist that she had â€Å"heard the voice of God† Wicked beyond belief, she was diagnosed as suffering from schizophrenia, following her recovery she and Peter went on to marry in 1974, in less than a year of marriage Peter had carried out an attack on a woman, only to attack other women a short time later, and in October of 1975 claimed the life of his victim, a person identified as Wilma McCann aged twenty-eight, in Leeds, she be came the first in the long reign of terror that Peter William Sutcliff held. In order to discuss the various theories of crime that could account for Sutcliff’s behaviour one will examine the various theories which have evolved over the the past twelve decades beginning with the works of Cesare Comboso 1876, he was an Italian biologist who had an interest in crime (class notes) he reported that following this study , of similar facial features in criminals such as cold-glassy blood shot eyes, thick curly hair, strong jaws, long ears and thin lips, Lombrosos findings had no scientific evidence in support of his theories, he used correlation to identify his subjects in his study therefore we must dismiss this as being inconclusive, another theory of crime was also put forward using the same basis as Lombrosos by William Sheldon in 1949, who identified three body types, endomorphic, mesomorphic and ectromorphic, his study was based on 400 men in rehabilitation, the majority were found to be of a mesomorphic type, muscular, tough and strong. From both of t hese theories we are able to reflect the appearance of Sutcliff with cold glassy eyes and thick curly hair. Sutcliff also had a mesomorphic body shape; therefore we must keep an open mind of these particular theories. Possible explanation of the two studies could be chromosomes, some men in prisons have been found to have an extra Y in making them XYY but according to Jacob’s (class notes) it could be associated with them being more aggressive. There has been no scientific evidence to prove that there is a criminal gene but that is not to say that one does not exists. Another theory put forward in order to explain crime was (Eysneck Eysneck 1970) ‘the criminal is a neurotic extrovert (someone who scores high on both N E) N is linked to crime through anxiety, the high E score is stimulus-hungry, engaging in thrill enhancing behaviour and is more difficult to . The EPL questionnaires Eysneck Eysneck used also found that high P scorers also were established as being aggressive, uncaring, troublesome, inhumane, insensitive to others needs and feelings, tend not to experience guilt, prefer strange and unusual things and appear foolhardy! Although we have no knowledge of a questionnaire being completed by Sutcliff, one could give incidents that have occurred and situations that have taken place to reflect yet again with this theory. In September 1969 Sutcliff was arrested and charged with going equipped for theft ‘with a hammer’, while working in the cemetery he was reported by a work mate to have a macabre sense of humour, ‘he would lie down on a slab pretending to be a corpse with a shroud over him and make groaning noises’ (Murder case book ) also he would boast to workmate that he had stolen various items of jewellery from corpses ( wicked beyond belief) also following the job he was given at TWH Clark as a lorry driver, he posed for a publicity poster and wrote his own strange epitaph to accompany it, it read â€Å"In this truck is a man whose if unleashed would rock the nation, whose dynamic energy would overpower those around him. Better let him sleep? (Wicked beyond belief), and finally the crimes he committed such as stabbing a victim with a screw driver in her vagina and then going home to his wife as if nothing had ever happened. Another explanation to describe Sutcliff’s behaviour is frauds tripartite derision of the personality, the most primitive part which consists of basic biological impulses or drives, the source of psychic energy or libido which operates on the pleasure principle, // and to avoid pain regardless of external circumstances it is known as the ID, followed by the ego which is the rational part or controlling self it operates on the reality principle, holding back the impulses of the ID until they can be satisfied in society in socially approved was, and finally the superego which represents the of the values and morals of society, it is the conscience that controls the expression of the ID’s impulses through moral scruples , thus being Sutcliff’s need to attack and kill his victims and gaining satisfaction and sexual gratification in doing so while being marries to Sonia and showing concern by ‘ collecting her from work in order for her to be safe, in case she w ould be attacked by The Ripper’ (wicked beyond belief) he was never looked upon by his wife as being nothing but a normal and caring husband, he showed no guilt or remorse for his actions and following the arrest for his crimes ( all of which his wife was oblivious to) gave her an account of his actions and told her that he would ‘pretend to be mentally ill and get 10 years in a loony bin’ (wicked beyond belief). Another theory can be attachment as a cause, Bowbly (1963 and 1973) his maternal deprivation hypothesis was used to explain the harmful effects of growing up in institutions, according to Bowbly short term deprivation produces distress. Deprivation produces long-term development retardation such as affectionless psychopath. Gross ( ) Given that Peter was the first born and he was cared for by his mother throughout his early life, the suggestion that a child needs a constant primary care-giver for the first two and a half to three years of his life to become stable and able to thrive to not conditional in this instance ‘Mothers love in infancy is as important for mental health as vitamins and proteins for physical health. Bowbly (1951). One other theory of crime that can be a large deciding outcome of a conviction can be the state of one’s mind when the crime was committed, such as schizophrenia, Paranoid schizophrenia is an illness that affects the thought process of the brain, so the suffer may not be able to think logically, often there are hallucinations, which may be in the way of voices, visions, and the sensation of being touched, delusions are also common, schizophrenia can happen following an episode of stress, breakdown or disastrous life changing event (mental health volunteer notes). In the case against Sutcliff ( there was a conflict between Dr Hugo Milme, Dr Malcolm McCulloch and Dr Terrence Kay psychiatrist who diagnosed him and the Attorney General Sir Michael Havers, who believed that Sutcliff was not suffering from schizophrenia, but was telling lies). He claimed that from the age of 20 years old he had been following instructions from God, he had heard his voice, and it told him to clean th e streets of prostitutes, (Murder case book Vol 1). In order to establish the differences between a person suffering from a mental illness and a psychopath (see handout 1) are they mad or just bad. We must take on board as much information about the individual we are dealing with, which did not appear to be the case for Sutcliff. Although Sutcliff is now incarcerated in Brood moor Mental Institution, he was originally incarcerated in Parkhurst Prison, but following an attack by another inmate in March 1984 when he lost sight in one eye and needed countless stitches, his original testimony to appear mad finally became a reality. In order to conclude this discussion one must look at various events which happened to Sutcliff, of which might account for his behaviour and give an insight as to why he committed the crimes he did. As Peter was close to his mother her embarking on an affair with a policeman left him devastated, could it be that he associated this with the attack he first made in 1969 on a prostitute in Bradford following the row over money or was it the fact that the man in question was a policeman, Peter as a child was brought up as a catholic who’s views on sex might have been the cause for him to attack prostitutes, what made his family ridicule him, his relationship with his siblings could that have had an effect on him, always lonely, possible jealousy of no longer having his mother all to himself, the fact he was bullied in school could all of these given him drive and ambition and he wanted to prove something, give himself status. Why was it that although he was warned and it was repo rted by his wife Sonia that they had a normal sex life, what made him leave traces of semen on their bodies and expose them but not have intercourse with them, but not engaging in intercourse could be seen as possibly something that means procreation, he had no children of his own. No reason for this has been reported, maybe they didn’t want them or were unable to have them or was he a psychopath and given the fact that he had seen Sonia suffering with schizophrenia gave him the excuse and reasoning for his behaviour should he ever be caught. Whatever the case Peter William Sutcliff, aka The Yorkshire Ripper was indeed wicked beyond belief.

Managed Care Essay -- Healthcare Health Medical Essays

Managed Care   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  There are so many problems with our society’s health care. Everyone wants to find a solution, but no one has been able to come up with one yet. Many different things have been tried, but none have put a cease to the exorbitant costs, which most believe to be the main problem. Out of everything tried, the most recent and popular system is known as managed care. Managed care is the most common form of health insurance in the United States, and provides more a cost efficient coverage than paying a fee-for-service charge. However, it is also a very complicated system. Over the next few pages I am going to try and go over the main parts of the managed care structure. In the end, I am going to decide the strengths and weaknesses of this system, and decide whether or not I think it will be the answer to our system.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  First I am going to go over exactly what managed care means, as simply as possible. Managed care is an organized approach to delivering a comprehensive array of health care services to a group of enrolled members through efficient management of services needed by the members, and negotiation of prices or payment arrangements with providers. It has two main functions; first it integrates the functions of financing, insurance, delivery, and payment with one organizational setting, and it also exercises formal control over utilization.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Now I am briefly going to go over the history of managed care. Managed care dates back to as early as 1882. Northern Pacific Railroad Beneficial Association was one of the first employers to offer health care coverage. In 1910, the Western Clinic in Tacoma, Washington offered medical services through its providers for a premium of only $.50 per month, which served lumber mill owners and employees. In 1929, Blue Cross was originated when Baylor Hospital in Texas agreed to provide coverage by the case on a prepaid basis for some 1,500 teachers. The Kaiser Foundation Health Plan was started in 1937 as well. In 1971, the Nixon Administration announced a new national health strategy, which was the development of health maintenance organizations. The federal government established grant and loan guarantees for HMO’s to reach a goal from 30 in 1970 to 1,700 by 1976, enrolling 40 million people, and 90... ... insurance. Also, MCO’s favor preventative care and health promotion. Many people feel that if you get to the root of the problem, it will help our financial health costs, and managed care provides help for this.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Some of the negative things I feel about managed care is there is somewhat of a public dissatisfaction. As I said before, everyone wants the system to change and be better, but no one knows how to do it. Another negative thing about it is there are many limitations on what doctors you can see, and the ease of seeing a secondary doctor. There is also the issue of rising prescription drug costs that managed care does not address.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  All in all I think that even though managed care is not perfect, it is the best that we have right now. It has done a good job of controlling costs, and keeping individuals out-of-pockets costs down. Until something better comes along, I think people need to realize that we are doing the best with what we have, and try to be more accepting and understanding. Americans have made health care the way it is today, so they need to understand big problems like this can’t be changed overnight.

Allegory is a story that works on two levels. Essay -- English Literat

Allegory is a story that works on two levels. "Mature readers appreciate the powerful satire on communism gone wrong, while for younger readers it is a hilarious fable of the farmyard."-Animal Farm As explained in the quote above, Animal Farm is a story that works on two levels. One level is simple, and the other one is the more complex and sophisticated. I would like to explain these levels in this essay. But first, I would like to clearly explain what the word allegory means by giving some examples from well-known fables. One of the best examples is the Little Red Riding Hood. I imagine that most of the people in this world knows about this fable. This story is translated in to many languages, in many different countries in the world. Any ways, the point is that what characteristics of allegory does this story mention? Well, most of the characters in this story represent a particular type of a human personality. For example, the wolf in this story is not just a wolf. As you can see by reading this story, the wolf tries to eat the girl by disguising in to her grandmother. This is clearly explaining what kind of a personality this wolf is representing. He represents a criminal who could trick you and swindle you. The girl represents an innocent person, who can be tricked easily. But at the end it comes out to be that the girl was not just innocent. So, now you can see that the technique of allegory is used in many stories without even knowing. The simpler level of the Animal Farm, is a humorous fable with animals. "For younger readers it is a hilarious fable of the farmyard."-Animal Farm If you do not read this book carefully, this book is just a humorous fable with talking animals in it. When... ...It signifies how a country can easily corrupt under a tyrant leader. Without even the people knowing, a terrible leader can easily control the country. By reading this book, we can see that we should try to save our own country by our own hands. We should not depend on the government, and we should not 100percent believe what the media says. The citizen of the country needs to keep their eyes wide opened. You never know if the truth is being told. Did the Russian people know what was going on? Did they THINK they knew what was going on? We should never forget what happened to Russia by reading this book, Animal Farm. You never know when it will be for YOU to stand up and go against the tyrant leader. So, please do not forget about Animal Farm and the Russian revolution. Even though you think that this will not happen to you, it might happen You never know.

Bioterrorism and Plague Essay -- Biological Terrorism Terrorist Homela

Bioterrorism and Plague Plague, also known as Yesirnia pestis, has wreaked havoc since the first documented outbreak in the 6th century, along with changing the course of history. Although bubonic plague is the most common form of plague, pneumonic plague is the more fatal form of the bacteria. It is the only form that has been successfully aerosolized by man and has the potential of taking down a mass of people in days. If used as a bioweapon, it would cause major damage. This paper is designed to inform you of the history, the facts, and the precautions needed to prevent a bioterrorist attack. In 1970, The World Health Organization estimated that 50 kg, or 110 lb, of Y. pestis sprayed over a city would infect 150,000 individuals and kill about 40,000 (Grey, p.218). Throughout history, there have been plague epidemics that have killed thousands of people. From the Athenian plague starting in 430 B.C. to the famous Black Death in 1346, people from all over the world have been caught in chaos with insufficient treatments and no reliable way of preventing this horrible disease from spreading. Today, vast medical advancements have yielded successful treatments for the plague, but people are still highly susceptible to widespread disaster if a bioterrorist attack does manage to occur. In 430-26 B.C. during the Peloponnesian War, which was fought between Sparta and Athens, overcrowded conditions in the cities allowed plague to spread quickly. It claimed tens of thousands of victims including Pericles, the former leader of Athens. We know of this outbreak because of the last remaining source: Thucydides in his History of the Peloponnesian War (Smith, p. 1). Having been through the plague himself, Thucydides described the symptoms w... ...5. Arizona Dept. of Health Services. 8 July 2005 â€Å"FAQ About Plague.† 2005 CDC. 5 April 2005. www.bt.cdc.gov/agent/plague/faq.asp Med TV. â€Å"Bubonic Plague Symptoms.† 2006. MED TV. 11 Oct. 2006. www.plague.emedtv.com/bubonic-plague-symptoms.html Henderson, Donald; Inglesby, Thomas and O’Toole, Tara. Bioterrorism. Chicago: American Medical Association, 2002. Inglesby, Thomas and Dennis, Davis. â€Å"Plague as a Biological Weapon.† Medical and Public Health Management. 2000. JAMA. 3 May 2000. http://jama.ama-assn.org/cgi/content/full/283/17/228/ â€Å"Natural History.† Plague. 2005. CDC. 30 March 2005. http://cdc.gov/ncidod/dvbid/plague/history.htm#100 Mayoclinic. â€Å"Plague.† Health Library. 1998-2008. Mayo Clinic. 1 Sept. 2006. www.cnn.com/HEALTH/library/DS/OQ493.html Grey, Michael and Spaeth, Kenneth. â€Å"Plague.† The Bioterrorism Sourcebook. The McGraw-Hill Companies: US. 2006.

Yawning: Anthropology and Healthy Functional Person

Ryan Casey Anthropology in the News Contagious Yawning Contagious yawning is something you can’t control. Infants after 11 weeks after birth start yawning and study’s say that around the age of four, children start to develop â€Å"contagious yawning†. Doctors use this to see if the child has a disorder such as autism. What the doctors would do is see if the child response to someone else’s yawn. If the child does respond then they would know if the child’s brain is functioning right. This is a good way for doctors of even parents to pick up if there kid has something wrong.The contagious yawning theory would be part of the social and cultural subfield of anthropology. Contagious yawning would represent social anthropology because it shows the way in which the body works and how it response to certain moves and actions that other people makes. Also, it would prove to be in the cultural subfield because it shows a pattern in the human body. Humans ar e not the only species that yawn. Study’s shown that all vertebrates yawn such as snakes and lizards. But only humans, chimpanzees and sometimes dogs had shown that they respond to other people yawning, known as contagious yawning.People have been yawning for as long as humans have been around. This shows that yawing and contagious yawning is in the human culture, and a sign of social bonding. Contagious yawning would be more proven in human biology because it is a reaction of the body when the brain recognize someone else yawn, it sets off a trigger in your brain that makes someone looking at someone yawning also yawn. Anthropology provides vital knowledge and information in this case of contagious yawning.This is shown in the story when they mention how the body develops overtime and when young infants at an early age of four show signs of contagious yawning. Also, it tells us how some primates and all vertebrates also devolve the theory contagious yawning. Contagious yawni ng is a shown is something that a healthy functional person cannot control. It is shown in the social and cultural subfields of anthropology and shows facts to support human culture, human biology and human history. Anthropology provides facts and knowledge about contagious yawning.

What Drives Romeo’s Actions

What drives Romeo and his actions? Emotions deal seduce e reallywhere some(prenominal) your discernment and your heart. For some, they course to let their feelings get the beaver of them, in that locationfore causing some unity to do things because of how they feel. thither are many examples for this in Romeo and Juliet exactly one stands out more(prenominal) than others, the reference book of Romeo. Romeo, Romeo Wherefore art special K Romeo? (Act 2, movie 2, 33), Juliet asks this question, and it might get one trusting what kind of man is Romeo and what drives him and his actions.Romeo is a very passionate teenager who is effort by his senses. He falls straight off in revel with Juliet, just by spirit at her. His shows his anger when he kills Tybalt, and Paris. Finally, his emotions compact him to commit suicide. Romeo falls transport over heels for Juliet the moment she steps institution into the ball. in one case he lays eyes on her, he forgets most his pai ns and s public treasury conjectures of her, and how well-favored she is. Did my heart enjoy till promptly? Forswear it, sight / For I neer saw accepted steady till this night (Act 1, position 5, 52-53), Romeo claims Juliet is the perfective girl.He instantly falls in love based on her beauty. warmth emphatically drove his actions. Anger is overly an emotion that drives Romeo, especially when he kills both Tybalt, and Paris. That lately thou gavest me for Mercutios soulIs notwithstanding a little way preceding(prenominal) our beads, Staying for thine to obtain him company. Either thou, or 1, or both, must go with him (Act 3, Scene 1, 125-128) However, fifty-fifty if lacking(p) to kill Tybalt is out of anger, there is cool off some love, in his reasoning.Romeo really cared about Mercutio, and when Tybalt kills him, Romeos emotions get the best of him at once again. He doesnt really think of the consequences of his actions, and putting to death Tybalt is a decisio n that was touchy in a second. Emotions are definitely presents when Romeo kills himself. hithers to my love O straight apothecary /they drugs are quick. and then with a kiss I die. Romeo is however cerebration about his love for Juliet at this point. not realising he has so much(prenominal) to choke for, and that Juliet isnt really dead.All he wants is to be with her forever. Romeo is a young man, who is determined by emotions, and most of the time that emotions is love. He is very passionate and tends to listen to his heart, and not think before he does things. Whether its fall instantly in love with Juliet, kill people of anger, or putting to death himself, Romeo perpetually lets his emotions drive him. Sometimes it stool be a good thing, that when it comes charge to it hes emotions muddle him do something without idea.What Drives Romeos ActionsWhat drives Romeo and his actions? Emotions can take over both your mind and your heart. For some, they tend to let the ir feelings get the best of them, wherefore causing someone to do things because of how they feel. There are many examples for this in Romeo and Juliet but one stands out more than others, the character of Romeo. Romeo, Romeo Wherefore art thou Romeo? (Act 2, scene 2, 33), Juliet asks this question, and it might get one thinking what kind of man is Romeo and what drives him and his actions.Romeo is a very passionate teenager who is driving by his emotions. He falls instantly in love with Juliet, just by looking at her. His shows his anger when he kills Tybalt, and Paris. Finally, his emotions push him to commit suicide. Romeo falls head over heels for Juliet the moment she steps foot into the ball. Once he lays eyes on her, he forgets about his pains and only thinks of her, and how beautiful she is. Did my heart love till now? Forswear it, sight / For I neer saw true beauty till this night (Act 1, Scene 5, 52-53), Romeo claims Juliet is the perfect girl.He instantly falls in love b ased on her beauty. Love definitely drove his actions. Anger is also an emotion that drives Romeo, especially when he kills both Tybalt, and Paris. That late thou gavest me for Mercutios soulIs but a little way above our beads, Staying for thine to keep him company. Either thou, or 1, or both, must go with him (Act 3, Scene 1, 125-128) However, even if wanting to kill Tybalt is out of anger, there is still some love, in his reasoning.Romeo truly cared about Mercutio, and when Tybalt kills him, Romeos emotions get the best of him once again. He doesnt really think of the consequences of his actions, and killing Tybalt is a decision that was mad in a second. Emotions are definitely presents when Romeo kills himself. Heres to my love O true apothecary /they drugs are quick. Thus with a kiss I die. Romeo is only thinking about his love for Juliet at this point. Not realising he has so much to live for, and that Juliet isnt really dead.All he wants is to be with her forever. Romeo is a young man, who is driven by emotions, and most of the time that emotions is love. He is very passionate and tends to listen to his heart, and not think before he does things. Whether its falling instantly in love with Juliet, killing people of anger, or killing himself, Romeo always lets his emotions drive him. Sometimes it can be a good thing, but when it comes down to it hes emotions make him do something without thinking.