buy custom Merck essay

buy custom Merck essay Merck is a giant drug company in the US that has been recently caught in the act of trying to defraud the medical fraternity with the involvement of its in house doctors who posed as Independent Scientists in an investigation into the safety of a drug named Vioxx that has been on the limelight for all the wrong reasons. In his testimony, Graham, a senior drug safety researcher observed that Vioxx had killed over 50,000 Americans and caused over 100,000 heart attacks (Adams). Misused Data Since this company had data that included feedback from clients who had been affected by the negative side effects of the drug in question, the management should have worked on making the drug safer. However, its senior management tried to hide the truth so as to win the approval of FDA which is the biggest drug safety agency in the US. The truth of the fraud came into the picture following lawsuits by people who had been affected by the fake drugs. The results After it became pretty obvious that Merck was engaging in a mud smearing campaign to discredit the media, the company went ahead to seek immunity from lawsuits. The company also voluntarily withdrew Vioxx from the market citing cardiovascular risks which it had initially denied (Kaufman, 2004). As a result Merck has lost its credibility as a genuine drug manufacturing company and this has led to lower business profits and associations. Merck had to part with $670 Million as fine for Medcal fraud (Comer, 2008). Limitations and significance of the data Merck engaged in a dire effort to change the label of the drug so as to remove uncertainty over the negative effects of the drug. The company trained the marketers to encourage doctors to provide any issue relating to the drug in a written form so that the management would work on them. This meant that Merck had concealed all the evidence. The significance of this was so that the public would have no idea of the kind of business that Merck engaged in which later on leaked in to the public limelight. Ethical implications Mercks aim was to increase sales and not to educate the public on the negative effects of the drug (Kaufman, 2004). This is an ethical dilemma that Merck did not address and instead trained its sales team to boost the sales of the drug despite their full knowledge about the negative effects of the drug. As a result therefore, congress observed that there was need to give FDA more powers to regulate the drug business in the US. The revelation of the on-going fraud has led to a bad reputation of this one time big company. Role of decision making in business Decision making refers to the act of coming up with an informed conclusion basing on the facts and opinions collected regarding a given issue. It is important in business since it not only acts as the basis of action but enccourages progress as well. For instance, if Mercks Board of Directors made the right decision basing on the information they had about the drug, the company would have progressed to amazing heights. Further, decision making helps in enhancing efficiency of staff and management basing on the available strategies and policies. Roles of emotion and fairness in decision making Emotions play a major role in decision making as it is the thin line that separates logical thinking from emotional decision making. More often than not we fail to recognize the role of emotion in decision making yet it is a reality that we cannot divorce from the decision making process (Dirk). Fairness on the hand is a question of morality which is equally important in decision making. Many business leaders will make decisions that are fair to their clients in order to avoid losing business. If at all business managers in Merck made their decisions basing on emotion and fairness, chances are very high that they would not have been caught red handed in the fraud mess. Conclusion Business organizations should be able to engage its management in serious decision making training that will seek to sell the corporate image of an organization in a rather positive way. In order to avoid such cases like the one that faced Merck, business leaders should be able to instill professional ethics as well as critical thinking in running the business organization. Buy custom Merck essay

Free Essays on Rehabilitation of Criminals in America

Rehabilitation of Criminals in America Prison inmates, are some of the most  ³maladjusted ² people in society. Most of the inmates have had too little discipline or too much, come from broken homes, and have no self-esteem. They are very insecure and are  ³at war with themselves as well as with society ² (Szumski 20). Most inmates did not learn moral values or learn to follow everyday norms. Also, when most lawbreakers are labeled criminals they enter the phase of secondary deviance. They will admit they are criminals or believe it when they enter the phase of secondary deviance (Doob 171). Next, some believe that if we want to rehabilitate criminals we must do more than just send them to prison. For instance, we could give them a chance to acquire job skills; which will improve the chances that inmates will become productive citizens upon release. The programs must aim to change those who want to change. Those who are taught to produce useful goods and to be productive are  ³likely to develop the self-esteem essential to a normal, integrated personality ² (Szumski 21). This kind of program would provide skills and habits and  ³replace the sense of hopelessness ² that many inmates have (Szumski 21). Moreover, another technique used to rehabilitate criminals is counseling. There is two types of counseling in general, individual and group counseling. Individual counseling is much more costly than group counseling. The aim of group counseling is to develop positive peer pressure that will influence its members. One idea in many sociology text is that group problem-solving has definite advantages over individual problem-solving. The idea is that a wider variety of solutions can be derived by drawing from the experience of several people with different backgrounds. Also one individuals problem might have already been solved by another group member and can be suggested. Often if a peer proposes a ... Free Essays on Rehabilitation Of Criminals In America Free Essays on Rehabilitation Of Criminals In America Rehabilitation of Criminals in America Prison inmates, are some of the most  ³maladjusted ² people in society. Most of the inmates have had too little discipline or too much, come from broken homes, and have no self-esteem. They are very insecure and are  ³at war with themselves as well as with society ² (Szumski 20). Most inmates did not learn moral values or learn to follow everyday norms. Also, when most lawbreakers are labeled criminals they enter the phase of secondary deviance. They will admit they are criminals or believe it when they enter the phase of secondary deviance (Doob 171). Next, some believe that if we want to rehabilitate criminals we must do more than just send them to prison. For instance, we could give them a chance to acquire job skills; which will improve the chances that inmates will become productive citizens upon release. The programs must aim to change those who want to change. Those who are taught to produce useful goods and to be productive are  ³likely to develop the self-esteem essential to a normal, integrated personality ² (Szumski 21). This kind of program would provide skills and habits and  ³replace the sense of hopelessness ² that many inmates have (Szumski 21). Moreover, another technique used to rehabilitate criminals is counseling. There is two types of counseling in general, individual and group counseling. Individual counseling is much more costly than group counseling. The aim of group counseling is to develop positive peer pressure that will influence its members. One idea in many sociology text is that group problem-solving has definite advantages over individual problem-solving. The idea is that a wider variety of solutions can be derived by drawing from the experience of several people with different backgrounds. Also one individuals problem might have already been solved by another group member and can be suggested. Often if a peer proposes a ... Free Essays on Rehabilitation of Criminals in America REHABILITATION OF CRIMINALS IN AMERICA Prison inmates, are some of the most  ³maladjusted ² people in society. Most of the inmates have had too little discipline or too much, come from broken homes, and have no self-esteem. They are very insecure and are  ³at war with themselves as well as with society ² (Szumski 20). Most inmates did not learn moral values or learn to follow everyday norms. Also, when most lawbreakers are labeled criminals they enter the phase of secondary deviance. They will admit they are criminals or believe it when they enter the phase of secondary deviance (Doob 171). Next, some believe that if we want to rehabilitate criminals we must do more than just send them to prison. For instance, we could give them a chance to acquire job skills; which will improve the chances that inmates will become productive citizens upon release. The programs must aim to change those who want to change. Those who are taught to p roduce useful goods and to be productive are  ³likel! y to develop the self-esteem essential to a normal, integrated personality ² (Szumski 21). This kind of program would provide skills and habits and  ³replace the sense of hopelessness ² that many inmates have (Szumski 21). Moreover, another technique used to rehabilitate criminals is counseling. There is two types of counseling in general, individual and group counseling. Individual counseling is much more costly than group counseling. The aim of group counseling is to develop positive peer pressure that will influence its members. One idea in many sociology text is that group problem-solving has definite advantages over individual problem-solving. The idea is that a wider variety of solutions can be derived by drawing from the experience of several people with different backgrounds. Also one individuals problem might have already been solved by another group member and can be suggested. Often if a peer proposes...

Respiration Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Respiration - Essay Example Therefore, aerobic respiration only occurs when oxygen is present. The main food product that is utilized in this process is glucose. When glucose is oxidized, there is a production of energy, carbon dioxide, and water. The released energy is the form of Adenosine Tri-Phosphate (ATP). The process of aerobic respiration can be summarized using the equation C6H12O6 + 6O2 = 6CO2 + 6H2O + Energy (ATP) (Starr & McMillan 2012, p56). There are three main stages through which aerobic respiration takes place; Glycolysis, Krebs cycle, and the Electron Transport Chain. This process of aerobic respiration occurs in cytosol part of the cell. During this process, glucose is oxidized partially and broken down into pyruvate, which is a 3 carbon molecule. Glycolysis produces 2 ATP molecules and 2 NADH molecules. Each NADH molecule is responsible for carrying 2 energy electrons, which are later used by the cell (Starr & McMillan 2012, p56). This can be regarded as the second stage in aerobic respiration whereby the pyruvate molecule is processed to produce energy that is later stored between the bonds that hold the pyruvate molecule. The synthesized energy is released in the form of ATP (Starr & McMillan 2012, p.57). This is the last stage in aerobic respiration. This process is responsible for releasing the energy synthesized during glycolysis and krebs cycle. The electron transport chain comprises of a network of electron carrying protein located on the inner membrane of the mitochondria. It is in this stage where electrons and protons are added to oxygen to produce water. Production of ATP occurs when protons move across the cell membrane, a process referred to as chemiosis (Starr & McMillan 2012, p57). In times of strenuous exercises, there is consumption of high levels of energy, which implies that excess of ATP is needed. When there is insufficient oxygen the body respires

Journal Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 55

Journal - Essay Example He then says he can name countries that can consume the whole nation without regardless of the preservation (Lynch n.d.). He uses allusion to confront England due to its proximity. His allusion directly hits the English for misusing Ireland. He, however, does not spare his wrath to Ireland. In the course of his literature, he presents various alternative solutions that it can use to solve its problems. He puts that none of his suggestions was put into practice. In his literature, he stresses on the extent and number of Ireland’s social problems, neglect, and indifference that the citizens had to encounter (Lynch n.d.). Swift uses an adopted persona to ridicule the people who recommend economic and political solutions to Ireland without considering the human cost that will be involved. With an overwhelming irony, he demonstrates the inhumanity of patterns meant to alleviate the sufferings from the poor. Absurd principles form the basis of the schemes (Lynch

Characters in Hamlet Essay Example for Free

Characters in Hamlet Essay In Hamlet, Polonius interacts in very different ways with the various characters. While talking with Reynaldo, he speaks in a sneaky, sly and clever manner. When talking with his daughter Ophelia, he seems very concerned. When talking with Hamlet, he seems confused, not knowing what Hamlet is talking about. When talking with the Players, however, he acts imperiously, exerting his authority over them. When talking with Reynaldo, Polonius speaks in a clever and sneaky manner. He tells Reynaldo exactly how to speak to people while trying to find Laertes. He tells him exactly what to say so that the other person will be forced to tell him of the whereabouts of Laertes. He told him that he should say you may say, not well. But, if t be he I mean, hes very wild. Poloniuss sneakiness is seen through his clever tactic in sending Reynaldo to Paris for the purpose of discovering Laertes habits. When talking with his daughter Ophelia, however, he seems genuinely concerned. This is true because in regard to Laertes, Polonius was looking for an excuse to punish or disown him for leaving the country. However, by Ophelia, Polonius is really concerned. While speaking with Gertrude and Claudius, Polonius is very honest. He comes before the king and queen bringing good news. The good news is that he knows why Hamlet is so upset. The reason is because of Ophelia. After discovering Hamlets lust for his daughter, he told Ophelia to stop meeting Hamlet and to send back Hamlets love letters. Then, he asks the king and queen if there has ever been a time where he had not told the truth. Claudius responds not that I know. To prove his fidelity, he is prepared to have his head chopped off if he is wrong. When talking with Hamlet, Polonius is confused. Polonius does not understand what Hamlet is talking about. When confronting Hamlet, Hamlet is reading a book. When asked what kind of book he is reading, Hamlet responds Slanders sir. While speaking with the Players, Polonius is arrogantly domineering. The Players come to perform a play for hamlet in order to cheer him up. While  doing their play, Polonius rudely interrupts them. He makes comments such as This is too long. In addition, after the play, when Hamlet instructs Polonius to treat the Players well, Polonius responds arrogantly, My lord, I will use them according to their desert. In response to Poloniuss disrespectful statement, Hamlet says Gods bodykins man, much better. Use every man after his desert, and who should scape whipping? Use them after you honor and dignity. In conclusion, Poloniuss character varies with every individual he interacts with. It varies to the extent that his character can change from extremely honest to sly and sneaky. Also, it can change from confused to arrogantly domineering. His unique character traits differ greatly to the extent that by the end of Act II, Polonius is viewed as a necessary and crucial character in the play.

Fahrenheit 451 by Ray Bradbury :: Fahrenheit 451 Essays

Fahrenheit 451 Â   Fahrenheit 451 by Ray Bradbury is a novel about the descent into super-individualism through mass governmental brainwashing. The book begins while the main character, Guy Montag, is burning a house for concealing contraband literature. It portraits the pleasure he derives from this act of mindless destruction. After this work though an eccentric neighbor girl who does not fit the status quo confronts him. She begins to ask him questions that force him to think about things he has taken for granted before. The story progresses as this girl continually influences him until a car killed her. The next time he is called to incinerate a house, he ends up taking a book and watching an old lady burn to death. This event coupled with the death of the neighbor girl influence him to seek out a book-reading professor he had met previous to this story. The professor and him begin to plot the downfall of society and the Firemen. Just when you think things are gonna work out, he is ordered to burn his house after which he burns his boss with a flame-thrower. This makes him a fugitive from justice. He then flees from the scene and ends up evading the manhunt. After a while he meets up with other people who are fugitives because of their literary learning. The next day the city he fled from is destroyed in an atomic blast and the bums go in to help the survivors. Â   a) Man against Man: The only instance in the story that fits this category is the conflict Guy has with his boss. His boss, Beatty begins to suspect Guy's illegal reading of contraband and begins to take steps for Guy's downfall. First of all Beatty is much smarter and well learned than Guy so he begins to play mind games to try and trip him up. He also forces Guy to burn his house and tries to arrest him. Guy comes out on top and wins the conflict by setting his boss on fire. Â   b) Man against Himself: One good example of this type of conflict is the inner turmoil in Guy Montag. This conflict was started by his talks with the neighbor girl. She awakened a self-thinking side of him that was at odds with his brainwashed, socially acceptable side. As should be, this new side won out over his old self after he thought about it. Fahrenheit 451 by Ray Bradbury :: Fahrenheit 451 Essays Fahrenheit 451 Â   Fahrenheit 451 by Ray Bradbury is a novel about the descent into super-individualism through mass governmental brainwashing. The book begins while the main character, Guy Montag, is burning a house for concealing contraband literature. It portraits the pleasure he derives from this act of mindless destruction. After this work though an eccentric neighbor girl who does not fit the status quo confronts him. She begins to ask him questions that force him to think about things he has taken for granted before. The story progresses as this girl continually influences him until a car killed her. The next time he is called to incinerate a house, he ends up taking a book and watching an old lady burn to death. This event coupled with the death of the neighbor girl influence him to seek out a book-reading professor he had met previous to this story. The professor and him begin to plot the downfall of society and the Firemen. Just when you think things are gonna work out, he is ordered to burn his house after which he burns his boss with a flame-thrower. This makes him a fugitive from justice. He then flees from the scene and ends up evading the manhunt. After a while he meets up with other people who are fugitives because of their literary learning. The next day the city he fled from is destroyed in an atomic blast and the bums go in to help the survivors. Â   a) Man against Man: The only instance in the story that fits this category is the conflict Guy has with his boss. His boss, Beatty begins to suspect Guy's illegal reading of contraband and begins to take steps for Guy's downfall. First of all Beatty is much smarter and well learned than Guy so he begins to play mind games to try and trip him up. He also forces Guy to burn his house and tries to arrest him. Guy comes out on top and wins the conflict by setting his boss on fire. Â   b) Man against Himself: One good example of this type of conflict is the inner turmoil in Guy Montag. This conflict was started by his talks with the neighbor girl. She awakened a self-thinking side of him that was at odds with his brainwashed, socially acceptable side. As should be, this new side won out over his old self after he thought about it.

Poetry Speech Essay

Good morning everyone, thank you fellow poetry lovers, for taking the time out of your Sunday afternoon to come and show your appreciation for fine Australian poetry. The two poems that I would like to share with you today in relation to Multicultural Australia are Fourteen Poor men, by Mary Gilmore, and Migrants by Margarret Scott in regards to multicultural Australia. I have a great love for not only these poems, but the poets also. Both Scott and Gilmore played a significant role in contemporary Australian poetry. Gilmore especially, she was a truly amazing woman and is one of the great  figures of Australian social history and literature. I have already mentioned that I have a great love for both of these poems, and you are probably wondering what is so special about them? Time for me to help you see why they are so amazing. Both of these poems are telling the audience a story of personal experience. However, the poets use different poetic structures to convey their message. Fourteen Poor Men is written as a lyrical, where as Migrants is written in ballad form. Let me briefly shed some light onto each of the poets, and their backgrounds, which might help you all to have more of an  understanding into some of the impacts on their writing. So first of all, let’s start with Mary Gilmore. I could talk about this woman for days, because she did so many amazing things in her life. I guess that the quickest way that I can get across to you just how much she did, is by telling you about her column in the Australian Worker, which she remained editor of the Women’s page from 1908 right up until 1931. Through her column, Gilmore campaigned for many different social and economic reforms, such as the women’s vote, child endowment, the relief of the poor, old age and invalid pensions and the just treatment of Aborigines. Now moving onto to Margaret Scott. The basic background behind Scott, is that she migrated over to live in Tasmania, from Bristol in the UK. Now that you have an extremely brief idea of each of the cultural aspect behind each author, I will now move onto the part that you are all here for. The poems. Firstly, I am going to deconstruct the more gritty of the two, Migrants. The title is a bit of a spoiler, and basically describes what the poem is obviously about, migration from the UK, to Australia. A poetic technique that is repeatedly used in this poem, is personification. It is used quite a bit in the first stanza.  Ã¢â‚¬Ëœthe liner’s arid gaiety, thirsting For roots and cover, hungry for the solid fare’. The reason that Scott does this is to try and convey to the audience that on her journey over from the UK, she is seeming to notice the way that everything around her is feeling or acting, yet in the first stanza, she doesn’t really say how she is feeling much at all. She lets the audience know of her personal fear in stanza 2, where less 1 1 [Type text] [Type text] [Type text] Kyah Fry personification is used, and more of her own emotions come through. Personification being the main poetic device in Migrants, the most  obvious technique in Fourteen Poor Men is allusion. The reason for this, is because you, the audience, are required to have a basic knowledge of Australian history, to be able to deconstruct, and make sense of this poem. Once you pick up that the main technique used in this poem is allusion, you can look at the poem in a different light altogether. If you read into the poem deep enough, you could argue that the reason Gilmore used this technique so much (Need a better word choice for ‘so much’), is because she wants the reader to understand that you must have some sort of knowledge of your  own countries historical events and what has scoupled us into the country and society that we are today, to be able to even remotely understand someone else’s culture. Once again, thank you all so much for taking time out of your Sunday afternoon to come and learn more about fine Australian poetry. I hope that I have given you an insight into the poems that I discussed today, in regards to Multicultural Australia, and how is has progressed. I hope that I have been able to confirm your love for Australian poetry, and made you even more passionate. Have a great afternoon everyone, and feel free to ask me questions after the meeting.   

An Analysis for the Play Fences Essay

The story line seemed melodramatic throughout the play. The author (August Wilson) has laid the ground work of many themes throughout the play. The play deals with Race, Men and their masculinity, Morality, Dreams and hopes of everyone involved, Family, Duty, Betrayal and Dissatisfaction. The play begins with Troy and his best friend Bono entering the yard chatting as they usually do coming home from work as garage collectors for their company. Every Friday is payday for Troy and Bono and one can usually find these two enjoy drinking down at Taylors (the local watering hole). Troy seems to be upset due to the fact that he tries to rise above â€Å"just being a garbage man† and seeks to become a driver of the garbage truck. Troy has made a formal complaint to his boss (Mr. Rand) and asks â€Å"Why you got the white mens driving and the colored lifting? † Troy recognized that he has just as much of a right and ability as the â€Å"white men† he is working with, and can drive the garbage truck just as well as any of them. Although, Troy didn’t realize it, he was actually leading the way (in his own right) for black men and woman everywhere. But this wasn’t the only issue that Troy is dealing with. Troy has been cheating on his wife Rose with his mistress Alberta and decides to discuss this with his friend Jim Bono (often mostly referred to by his last name Bono in the book). But Rose appears to always be on Troy about building the â€Å"Fence† around the yard. This later on in the play seems to have a profound underlying tone to more than just the literal meaning of the word. Troy, although a good man at heart, he seems to be struggling with an issue of facing death.. Troy seems to have his hands full within the play. With every situation, Troy seems to describe them in the terms of baseball. Since Troy was robbed of a potential a professional baseball career because of his race and has become bitter because of it. It seems that Troy has a lot of â€Å"Fences† to mend, not only the physical kind, but the relationships he has with his wife, his sons Lyons and Cory (mostly). Troy also deals (and is responsible for) with his brother Gabriel, who received a serious head injury during the war and hasn’t been the same since. Troy’s son Cory tells his father that he has a chance to be scouted for a recruiter from the University of North Carolina for its football team. But since Troy feels that Cory should be concentrating on working at the local A&P supermarket and his studies and leave football alone. One can understand as to maybe why Troy feels that his son should work and focus on school instead of football. Since Troy was disappointed because of his lack of a professional baseball career (because of his color), he did not want to see his son receive the same kind of heartbreak he had suffered. Troy, by doing this, he is holding his son back (whether he realizes it or not) from possibly having a better life than what he had or currently has. Troy seems somewhat jealous of his son Cory and really bitter when it comes to sports. One of the main themes of the play seems to come when Troy has to tell his wife Rose (coming clean) that he is going to be a father again. Rose becomes upset and wants to know why Troy couldn’t â€Å"stay in her bed† instead of going elsewhere. Troy attempt to rationalize what he has done, says that he is only trying to feel good about himself and that he hasn’t done so in a long time. When Rose has to explain to Troy that she received a call from the hospital informing her that, Alberta died giving birth to his daughter, Raynell. Rose, being the good woman that she is, accepts Raynell in to her family and agrees to raise her. Troy then comes to battle with Cory, when he attempts to step over his father and enter the house. Cory is then told that he no longer lives there, and was being kicked out of the house forever. Cory states to Troy that he doesn’t need anything from him and can take of himself. Since Troy had to deal with being on his own since he was fourteen years old, his son can do the same thing (Cory is a little older, 17 yrs. old). Troy, throughout the play is always speaking about, how he will be ready for â€Å"Grim Reaper and his sickle† and will not go down without a fight (which he often brags about beating death when he was younger). Troy just prior to his death (and finding out about the death of his mistress) Troy: â€Å"All right†¦ Mr. Death†¦. I’m gonna take and build me a fence around this yard. See? I’m gonna build me a fence around what belongs to me. And then I want you to stay on the other side. See? You stay over there until you’re ready for me. † So, this could be another underlying theme that Troy is always wrestling with a force much larger than he is and is always taunting death by saying â€Å"Then you [Death] come on. Bring your army. Bring your sickle. Bring your wrestling clothes†. The last time we actually see or hear from Troy is in Act II scene 4 when he says â€Å"I can’t taste nothing. Helluljah! (Probably misspelled on purpose) I can’t taste nothing no more. (Troy assumes a batting posture and begins to taunt Death, the fastball on the outside corner. ) Come on! It’s between you and me now! Come on! Anytime you want! Come on! I be ready for you†¦.. but I ain’t gonna be easy. At this point, Troy realizes that he is dying (heart attack). At the beginning of the following scene, the reader learns that Troy has died and everyone (except Cory) is preparing to attend Troy’s funeral. But as the story starts to end, both of Troy’s sons, Lyons and Cory are talking with each other and tells one another how each one is doing. Lyons is finishing up his prison sentence and Cory is a Corporal in the Marine Corps. The two of then begin to sing the song that their dad used to sing about a dog name Blue. The story can take the reader through a rollercoaster ride of emotions. Great story about the trials and tribulations of a man and the world around him. According to Wade Bradford from About. com, he states: Arguably August Wilson’s most renowned work, Fences explores the life and relationships of the Maxson family. This moving drama was written in 1983 and earned Wilson his first Pulitzer Prize. The protagonist, Troy Maxon is a restless trash-collector and former baseball athlete. Though deeply flawed, he represents the struggle for justice and fair treatment during the 1950s. Troy also represents human nature’s reluctance to recognize and accept social change. In the playwright’s setting description, symbols connected to his character can be found: the house, the incomplete fence, the porch, and the makeshift baseball tied to a tree branch (Bradford, Wade 2011). Reference Wilson, August (1987) Fences, In Drama: A Pocket Anthology (2nd Ed. ) P. 451 Longman, Penguin Academics, New York Retrieved November 5, 2011. Bradford, Wade (2011) August Wilson’s â€Å"Fences† Character and setting analysis, About. com, Retrieved November 06, 2011 www. about. com.

United States Essay Example

United States Essay Example United States Essay United States Essay The United States enacted an embargo on Cuba in 1960; cutting off all ties with Cuba in an attempt to overthrow Fidel Castro. President Eisenhower ordered a complete stoppage of United States exports to Cuba The United States policy on Cuba proved counter-productive and negatively impacted the Cuban citizens. The embargo moved Cuba towards an oppressive government and helped Castro justify his oppression. The United States intended for the embargo against Cuba to further benefit Cuba as a country and lead Cuba more towards a democratic government.Instead this embargo forced Cuba towards a more communist government causing much more destruction than anticipated by the United States. President Eisenhower developed a plan to overthrow the Cuban President, Fidel Castro, when he determined the embargo ineffective. President Eisenhower disclosed his intention to eliminate Castro by either armed force or assassination. The tension between the United States and Cuba heightened when it became known that President Eisenhower planned to overthrow Fidel Castro. The United States entered into Southern Cuba to takeover the government by armed force.This invasion came to be known as the Bay of Pigs. The Cuban government was unaware of the exact date the exile force would land but Castro expected the imminent attack. The Bay of Pigs Invasion happened on April 17 through the 19 in 1961. A United States ship carrying all the weapons and ammunition intended for the invasion, sunk on the first day. The unsuccessful Bay of Pigs Invasion created more hostility between the United States and Cuba. After the Bay of Pigs invasion the United States pressured its allies to reduce their commerce with Cuba, in hopes of forcing Castro into submission.The Bay of Pigs Fiasco primarily caused the Soviet Union’s involvement with Cuba. The United States’ inability to make decisive decisions regarding government policies with Cuba encouraged the Soviet Union to exert more power over Cuba. The United States failure to decisively act led the Soviets to believe that their country’s economic and military involvement with Cuba would not endanger United States and Soviet relations. â€Å"The single most important event encouraging and accelerating Soviet involvement in Cuba was the Bay of Pigs Invasion. Some of Castro’s advisors wrote that he openly traded United States dominance for Soviet dominance. The embargo on Cuba significantly damaged the Cuban citizens. The embargo restricted Cubans from traveling to the United States and limited the number of United States citizens allowed to enter into Cuba. The embargo considerably impacted Cuban’s daily lives including access to basic needs such as food, health care and education. The embargo also resulted in political oppression. Nancy Pelosi reiterated this when she argued against House Resolution 927.Ms. Pelosi stated, â€Å" H. R. 927 tightens the embargo against Cuba- an embargo which has only resulted in inadequate access to medicine, to food, to healthcare, to education, and to development, for the Cuban people. It has not had an impact on Castro. It has not contributed to an open society. It has not opened any doors to freedom. † The embargo on Cuba negatively affected the daily lives of the Cuban people. The Cuban people suffered because of the embargo that ultimately provided no sizeable gain for the United States.The United States failed to overthrow Fidel Castro but continued to impose the embargo that caused pain and destruction for the Cuban citizens. Castro’s willingness to accept Soviet domination allowed Cuba to rely on the Soviets for economic support. Prior to the collapse of the Soviet Union in 1991, Cuba relied heavily on the Soviet’s for the majority of their imported food. When the Soviet Union fell, Cuba lost billions of dollars in economic aid. The United States knew of Cuba’s dire economic state resulting from the fall of t he Soviet Union.Yet, the United States continued ignoring the desperate state of the Cuban people hoping that the depravity of food would force a citizen revolt against Fidel Castro. The United States used food as a weapon instead of lifting the embargo and providing the aid the Cuban society desperately needed. During a subcommittee meeting about consumer affairs, Stephen Weber president of the Maryland Farm Bureau stated, â€Å" We support immediate resumption of normal trading relations with Cuba†¦ In short, food should not be used as a weapon†¦U. S. rade policy has demonstrated that more than forty years of isolationism has failed to produce a democratic reform. † The United States failed to act and in consequently the Cuban people suffered not Castro. The United States should have allowed the importation of wheat and corn in to Cuba. Helping the Cubans would have had no damaging consequences for the United States. In 1961 the Cuban government embarked on a camp aign to eradicate illiteracy. Cuba, once one of the most literate countries in the world, slowly lost their prominent lead in their advancing education system.Teacher shortages in Cuban schools made the educational process difficult. The students lacked updated books with the newly accepted ideas. Had the United States lifted the embargo on Cuba, the access to the educational tools available in the United States would have further benefited the country. Students from the United States are finding that it is extremely difficult for them to get a license to travel to Cuba for educational purposes. Cuban’s are not allowed to travel to the United States thus making it extremely difficult for them to gain intellectual freedom.The embargo limits the knowledge and growth of education between Americans and Cubans. The embargo made it almost impossible for Cubans to broaden their horizons and become familiarly with the new advances in science and technology. There is little freedom of expression in Cuba because the government controls the media. Cubans are in danger of imprisonment if they speak out against the government. The Cuban constitution allows citizens freedom of speech as long as it adheres to the objectives of a socialist society.Dissidents are prohibited from voicing their opinion about the government. If Cubans tried pursuing their individual rights imprisonment would result. Public disorder or alarming the citizens of the rights Cubans lack resulted in imprisonment. Fidel Castro justified the oppression of the Cuban citizens by declaring that any dissent against the Cuban government actually supported the United States in their attempt to overthrow Castro. â€Å" The Cuban government’s justification for oppression can be largely encapsulated in three words: the United States. The United States continued to let the government’s harsh feelings about Castro control political decision-making instead of helping citizens and political pris oners held in violation of their basic human rights. Although many political leaders in the United States are against the embargo, the United States continued to pass legislation strengthening the embargo against Cuba. The Cuban Liberty and Solidarity Act adopted on March 6, 1996 by the United States House of Representatives intensified the United States embargo against Cuba, seeking international sanctions against Castro’s government.This resolution also proposed a plan to support a transitional democratic government for Cuba. Although this bill passed, political leaders did not agree with the sanctions placed against Cuba. One of these leaders spoke candidly about her opinions on the United States embargo against Cuba. Representative Nancy Pelosi stated, â€Å"I oppose H. R. 927 [Cuban Liberty and Democratic Solidarity Act of 1995]†¦ because the embargo has not contributed in any way to increased freedom and democratization in Cuba. Rather it has only made life hard f or the Cuban people.Fidel Castro is still in power and suffering no consequences from this embargo. The people of Cuba, however, suffer daily because of it. † The political leaders throughout the world disagreed with the United States and their position on the Cuban embargo. The United Nations, in October 1997, voted to support a nonbinding resolution encouraging the Americans to end the embargo against Cuba. One hundred and forty three countries supported this resolution, while only two voted with the United States those being, Israel and Uzbekistan. Most all of the countries in the World opposed the United States embargo on Cuba.Even with most of countries in the World encouraging the Unites States to lift the embargo, the United States stayed committed to its vendetta against Fidel Castro. On February 19 2008, Fidel Castro stepped down as President of Cuba. He renounced his title to his brother, Raul Castro. The United States should have taken******************** this as an opportunity to lift the embargo, and renew its political and economic ties with Cuba. The United States should have acknowledged and acted on the majority of the world’s opinion and should have given up its vendetta against Fidel Castro.This would have been a perfect time for the United Stated to open the doors to a more democratic society by providing aid instead of an embargo that had not produced any results except oppression of the people in the last half of century. The embargo placed on Cuba was intended to weaken the power that Fidel Castro had over Cuba and eventually force him to resign. Thus helping Cuba move towards a more democratic government. Instead the embargo on Cuba only strengthened Castro’s power and lead Cuba more towards a communist government.The embargo has stripped the Cubans of basic rights that could be available to them if the embargo was lifted. The intention was to help the Cuban people escape Castro’s reign but instead it forced t hem to endure years of hardships. United States Essay Example United States Essay United States Essay Before I came to the United States four years ago, I lived with my family in Japan. We were what you could call an average middle class family with equally average adherence to tradition.Japan, though recognized to be one of the worlds most modern cities, has an outlook that is very much rooted in the traditions.   We as children were brought up to be polite, respectful and avoid unnecessary and unpleasant confrontation.   Hard work and pride in our identity and culture as Japanese were the virtues we grew up with.My mother and widowed paternal grandmother who lived with us, were very traditional Japanese wives who stayed at home and believed that their duties lay in looking after their family. While the number of Japanese women opting for careers and joining the ranks of the employed have grown since the olden days, my mother always said taking care of us and her husband were the only roles she wanted to ever have.My father on the other hand was a true hard worker. I remember hi m getting up every 5:00 am to do his meditation before breakfast, then leave promptly by 7:30 for work.   He was also the head of the family so every now and then, a cousin or perhaps an uncle would come to our house and seek his advice over steaming cups of sake (hot rice wine). While the family system in Japan has evolved from the formerly strict family community, most Japanese families still designate and recognize heads of the family.   And though he doesnt say it out loud, I know that being the head of the family meant a great deal to my father the same way being able to provide for us through the salary he earned at his job.Coming to the United States has shown me the vast differences between Western and Oriental culture and society.   For instance, American women seem to be more independent and expressive of their opinions. The culture here is a bit louder than what I grew up with and the vast number of people of different races made me a little anxious as to how I will adjust and fit in.I think the feelings I had on first setting out for the unknown is somewhat similar to the people in the cases handled in Social Work.   While I am not saying that I fully understand how a person might feel after the shock of losing a leg or perhaps having problems brought about by age, gender or social class, I believe I have an idea of that feeling of fear of the unknown.On coming here, I left behind a place where everything was comfortable and familiar. Back home, I knew everyone and had a sense of familiarity with the daily life.   I believe losing that comfortable feeling of knowing ones surroundings and having a semblance of control over what one does would be a terrible thing to happen.For example, in the case of a man who has lived his life doing a job in which he has muchpride then suddenly finds himself handicapped and retired before he planned to do so. My father who takes so much pride in providing for his family and feeling a sense of accomplishme nt each day would probably be my best reference.   I know he would absolutely hate the feeling of helplessness that being handicapped for the first time can do.   As the patriarch of the family, this helplessness and loss of control will be very hard on him.If I were faced with a case similar to this, I would know that consolation and comfort will simply not be enough.   I must base my program on his primary need to still feel useful and have some sort of control so as to get his cooperation.It is not uncommon to come across cases where the people involved find it hard to accept modern or innovative ideas in terms of their rehabilitation.   My mother for instance, being the traditional Japanese mom that she is, will hate to be told to go out and enjoy other peoples company.   While for some people, treatment and readjustment works well in social groups like bingo or social clubs, my mother would feel very shy and that would make her even more uncomfortable.   A program t hat includes domestic work and hobbies like gardening and sewing will probably suit her more effectively.One thing Ive noticed is that very few people really like to be told what is good for them whether they are young or old.   I remember my paternal grandmother who, despite being told by doctors and family alike to stop working so hard because of her age and often achy arthritis, would still insist on sweeping the porch and doing her own laundry.   Often she would get angry if anyone of us tried to do these things for her.   She would often say I am just old, not crippled.  Ã‚  Ã‚   She experienced humble beginnings and so she learned to do things by and for herself.I believe that is something every caseworker should remember. It is sad that in some instances caseworkers just view people under their care a cases and no longer as people.   Perhaps it is when one has worked at something for so long or has become jaded that they just classify these mechanically.   I suppo se one might say that objectivity is good, but in human services, too much objectivity can also be bad.   After all, in order to serve humans, one must recognize them as such. As I have seen from my grandmother, everyone of whatever age, race or gender, would like and should be entitled to keep their dignity and independence whatever way and form they can.My analysis of my self and my family show not just one family, but rather a group of individuals with different personalities, needs, ages, priorities and reactions to various situations.Just the simple terms a caseworker must use in communicating with different personalities and cultures are different. Thus, more thought must be given in communication between the caseworker and subject.   We being of Japanese descent have a culture that is very different from the West. To effectively deal with and talk to a Japanese, one must first see where the subject has come from and that necessitates sufficient understanding of Japanese c ulture, traditions, and way of life. It doesnt have to be in Nihonggo but simple respect and showing that one is not entirely ignorant on anothers culture would be very helpful.I believe that my experience has also taught me that keeping an open mind and respect for other cultures would greatly increase my efficiency as a human service worker in the respect of designing programs for individuals of various ethnicity and age-culture.   I have learned to adapt the view that even with similar infirmities, two people of two different backgrounds may need an approach that is different from the other in order for an adjustment or rehabilitation plan to work.Adjustments that must be done to accommodate new developments such as handicap, infirmity, illness, old age, and the like, must be done in ways that are still familiar and acceptable to the case subject. Perhaps perfect agreement may not always be possible but one must always be open to compromise and listen. Otherwise, there may be a strong resistance as there often is to drastic change.   People still need to feel like they are who they were before whatever the life-changing event is in their situation.   They need to still be able to recognize and enforce their own will as individuals and that is something caseworkers should always recognize and respect.The social caseworkers job is to help people adjust to their new circumstance. Not to make it harder.   It is only when there is complete understanding of an individuals background, beliefs, culture, and the kind of life they grew up with according to the times that one can effectively design a program for rehabilitation that is suited to that individuals needs.   One simply cannot impose their view of how people should feel or react in any given event.   The very arrogant I know what is best for you, is, from the start, not at all good for anyone who is forced to listen to it.   Much as these people maybe represented as folders with case numbers i n the office, a human services case worker must never let the humanity and recognition of individual differences be defined by theoretical studies and too stringent objectivity.

Biography of Christina, Unconventional Queen of Sweden

Biography of Christina, Unconventional Queen of Sweden Queen Christina of Sweden (December 18, 1626–April 19, 1689) reigned for nearly 22 years, from Nov. 6, 1632, to June 5, 1654. Shes remembered for her abdication and her conversion from Lutheranism to Roman Catholicism. She also was known for being an unusually well-educated woman for her time, a patron of the arts, and, according to rumors, a lesbian and an intersexual.  She was formally crowned in 1650. Fast Facts: Queen Christina of Sweden Known For: Independent-minded queen of SwedenAlso Known As:  Christina Vasa, Kristina Wasa, Maria Christina Alexandra, Count Dohna,  Minerva  of the North, Protectress of the Jews at RomeBorn: December 18, 1626 in Stockholm, SwedenParents: King Gustavus Adolphus Vasa, Maria EleonoraDied: April 19, 1689 in Rome, Italy Early Life Christina was born Dec. 18, 1626, to King Gustavus Adolphus Vasa of Sweden and Maria Eleonora of Brandenburg, now a state in Germany. She was her fathers only surviving legitimate child, and thus his only heir.  Her mother was a German princess, daughter of John Sigismund, elector of Brandenburg, and granddaughter of Albert Frederick, Duke of Prussia.  She married Gustavus Adolphus against the will of her brother George William, who had by that time succeeded to the office of elector of Brandenberg. Her childhood came during a long European cold spell called the Little Ice Age  and the Thirty Years War (1618–1648),  when Sweden sided with other Protestant nations against the Habsburg Empire, a Catholic power centered in Austria. Her fathers role in the Thirty Years War may have turned the tide from the Catholics to the Protestants. He was considered a master of military tactics and instituted political reforms, including expanding education and the rights of the peasantry. After his death in 1632, he was designated the Great (Magnus) by the Swedish Estates of the Realm. Her mother, disappointed to have had a girl, showed little affection for her. Her father was frequently away at war, and Maria Eleonoras mental state was made worse by those absences.  As a baby, Christina was subjected to several suspicious accidents. Christinas father ordered that she be educated as a boy. She became known for her education and for her patronage of learning and the arts. She was referred to as the Minerva of the North, referring to the Roman goddess of the arts, and the Swedish capital Stockholm became known as Athens of the North.   Queen When her father was killed in battle in 1632, the 6-year-old girl became Queen Christina. Her mother, who was described as being hysterical in her grief, was excluded from being part of the regency. Lord High Chancellor Axel Oxenstierna ruled Sweden as regent until Queen Christina was of age. Oxenstierna had been an adviser to Christinas father and continued in that role after Christina was crowned. Christinas mothers parental rights were terminated in 1636, though Maria Eleonora continued to attempt to visit Christina. The government tried to settle Maria Eleonora first in Denmark and then back in her home in Germany, but her homeland would not accept her until Christina secured an allowance for her support. Reigning Even during the regency, Christina followed her own mind. Against Oxenstiernas advice, she initiated the end of the Thirty Years War, culminating with the Peace of Westphalia in 1648. She launched a Court of Learning by virtue of her patronage of art, theater, and music. Her efforts attracted French philosopher Rene Descartes, who came to Stockholm and stayed for two years. His plans to establish an academy in Stockholm collapsed when he suddenly became ill with pneumonia and died in 1650. Her coronation finally came in 1650 in a ceremony attended by her mother. Relationships Queen Christina appointed her cousin Carl Gustav (Karl Charles Gustavus) as her successor. Some historians believe that she was romantically linked to him earlier, but they never married. Instead, her relationship with lady-in-waiting Countess Ebbe Belle Sparre launched rumors of lesbianism. Surviving letters from Christina to the countess are easily described as love letters, though it is difficult to apply modern classifications such as lesbian to people in a time when such categorizations were not known. They shared a bed at times, but this practice did not necessarily imply a sexual relationship. The countess married and left the court before Christinas abdication, but they continued to exchange passionate letters. Abdication Difficulties with issues of taxation and governance and problematic relations with Poland plagued Christinas last years as queen, and in 1651 she first proposed that she abdicate. Her council convinced her to stay, but she had some sort of breakdown and spent much time confined to her rooms. She finally abdicated officially in 1654. Supposed reasons were that she didnt want to marry or that  she wanted to convert the state religion from Lutheranism to Roman Catholicism, but the real motive is still argued by historians. Her mother opposed her abdication, but Christina provided that her mothers allowance would be secure even without her daughter ruling Sweden. Rome Christina, now calling herself Maria Christina Alexandra, left Sweden a few days after her official abdication, traveling disguised as a man. When her mother died in 1655, Christina was living in Brussels. She made her way to Rome, where she lived in a palazzo filled with art and books that became a lively center of culture as a salon. She had converted to Roman Catholicism by the time she arrived in Rome. The former queen became a favorite of the Vatican in the religious battle for the hearts and minds of 17th century Europe. She was aligned with a free-thinking branch of Roman Catholicism. Christina also embroiled herself in political and religious intrigue, first between the French and Spanish factions in Rome. Failed Schemes In 1656, Christina launched an attempt to become queen of Naples. A member of Christinas household, the marquis of Monaldesco, betrayed plans of Christina and the French to the Spanish viceroy of Naples. Christina retaliated by having Monaldesco executed in her presence. For this act, she was for some time marginalized in Roman society, though she eventually became involved again in church politics. In another failed scheme, Christina attempted to have herself made queen of Poland. Her confidant and adviser, Cardinal Decio Azzolino, was rumored to be her lover, and in one scheme Christina attempted to win the papacy for Azzolino. Christina died on April 19, 1689, at age 62, having named Cardinal Azzolino as her sole heir. She was buried in St. Peters Basilica, an unusual honor for a woman. Legacy Queen Christinas abnormal interest (for her era) in pursuits normally reserved for males, occasional dressing in male attire, and persistent stories about her relationships have led to disagreements among historians as to the nature of her sexuality. In 1965, her body was exhumed for testing to see if she had signs of hermaphroditism or intersexuality. The results were inconclusive, though they indicated that her skeleton was typically female in structure. Her life spanned Renaissance Sweden to Baroque Rome and left a record of a woman who, through privilege and strength of character, challenged what it meant to be a woman in her era. She also left behind her thoughts in letters, maxims, an unfinished autobiography, and notes in the margins of her books. Sources Buckley, Veronica.  Christina, Queen of Sweden: The Restless Life of a European Eccentric. Harper Perennial, 2005.Mattern, Joanne.  Queen Christina of Sweden.  Capstone Press, 2009.Landy, Marcia and Villarejo, Amy.  Queen Christina.   British Film Institute,1995.Christina of Sweden.5 Facts About Queen Christina of Sweden.

Institute of Management Accounting Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Institute of Management Accounting - Essay Example Financial Accounting supports GAAP standardized form, its information are customized for a specific purpose to outsiders only and the FS does not give much of the information on internal operations. Data provided by the MA is more relevant to the operation as it provides information for decision making. FA is historical and relates to what happens in a period that leads to profit or loss. FA is more or less concerned in corporate debt and equity and reporting is an obligation to the its shareholders and to the government after the required period or fiscal year, while MA is how to create profit, focusing on different segments of the business and to develop information that will support its operations. For instance budgeting, costing, and pricing are basic information of MA before a specific project is started. Budgeting is internal control and is needed to manage costs in operations. It is specifically done before a fiscal year opens, while costing and pricing are information provide d by MA in making decisions particularly in launching of a new business or product brands. MA ensures that the operation of the organization is properly guided; long-term sustainability is properly planned and the interests of the stakeholders and the organization are safeguarded. When all is done in the business, FA now takes hold of the responsibility of

Trading Simulation Report Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Trading Simulation Report - Essay Example A portfolio once built and left alone is of no use. Hence, I have decided to carry out a trading simulation and an in depth analysis of the four companies that have been chosen by me. As all four of these companies provide different products and services, it is almost obvious that different returns are expected from each of these companies. Although the portfolio had been developed keeping in mind mainly the long term aspects but analysing it a short term may give us an insight about the future. The four companies that had been considered, along with an introduction and a summary of their latest performance, are: Johnson & Johnson Pfizer Exxon Mobil Walmart Johnson & Johnson Johnson & Johnson is a multinational U.S based company. It was founded in 1886. It deals in pharmaceutics, medical devices along with the manufacturing of consumer packaged goods. Johnson & Johnson comprises of One of the world’s biggest and diversified medical devices company The 6th biggest company with respect to biologics and also with respect to consumer health. Ranked 8th with respect to the world’s biggest pharmaceutics company The headquarters of Johnson & Johnson is situated in New Brunswick, which is in New Jersey USA. The Johnson & Johnson family includes around about 275 operating companies around the globe. Johnson & Johnson employees around about one hundred and twenty eight thousand people in more than sixty countries. Pfizer Pfizer was founded in 1849. Its founding members included two cousins, namely, Charles Pfizer and Charles Erhart. Pfizer is the biggest pharmaceutical company with respect to the revenue it generates. Its headquarters in based in New York, USA while the headquarters of its research program is in Connecticut, USA. Although it has many research facilities around. Pfizer has acquired many renown and established pharmaceuticals on its way to success. The companies acquired include Pharmacia and Wyeth. The latter at its time, 2009, was considere d as the biggest merger since the Bellsouth and AT& T in 2006. Exxon Mobil Exxon Mobil is a Multinational oil and gas company based in USA. Its headquarters is in Irving, Texas. Exxon Mobil was actually formed through merger of Exxon and Mobil in1999. Exxon Mobil is believed to the world’s biggest traded company publicly in the field of Oil and Gas. Walmart The home office of Walmart is situated at 702 SW 8th Street Bentonville. Walmart is a multinational retail company. It basically operates through warehouses and departmental stores. It has around about 10,800 stores across 27 countries. It also operates through websites in 10 countries. It employees above two million people worldwide and is considered as the largest employees recruiting worldwide. It is also estimated that around about 245 million people visit its outlets worldwide on a weekly base. The company was founded in 1962 and is now the largest retailer of USA. Recent Performance According to the first quarter rep orts 2013 of Pfizer Profit of Pfizer has seen an increase of about 53%, that is, an increase from 1.78 billion dollars to 2.75 billion dollars a year before. Earnings per share experienced an increase of 14 cent from a year ago, that is, from 24 cents to 38 cents Adjusted earnings saw a decrease of 3 cents as compared to a year