Political Islam in Indonesia Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Political Islam in Indonesia - Research Paper Example the confrontational way of establishing Majlis Mujahedeen Indonesia (MMI) in Jakarta in August 2000. The establishment of MMI was basically a move forward assistance between ideologically ?likeminded groups of Indonesia such as front Pembela Islam and Hizb Ut Tahrir. The basic ?reason to take a step toward MMI was to help the people faced earthquake and then it worked to ?save Afghanistan from American attacks (Hilmy 131).? Majlis e Mujahedeen worked to stop American attacks in Afghanistan. This organization ?in coordination with other groups working for Islamic front including PAS and FPI, carried out ?manifestations against America and its associates who attacked Afghanistan in 2001( Krastev & ?McPherson, 2007). For future attacks they started proceeding for more explosive materials. â€Å"In ?the Indonesian mujahedeen group there also exists a group of fundamentalist campaigners that ?basically uses to serve as brainwave for the activities of religious militias and also works for the ?party as a JI recruiting agency. Various Mujahedeen’s and their leaders started finding new ways ?of attacking, and started doing research to use biological weapons for better results (Haseman 43). ? 2.? Jemaah Islamiyah (JI) Jemmah Islamiyah or Al-Jamat ul Islamia was established by Southeast Asian militia. It was ?founded on 1st January, 1993 and mostly called as JI. The Jemaah followed the teachings of ?Islamic Jihad as a fundamental approach to attain its goals (Barton 32). This Jemmah was ?formed for the protection of Muslims in Indonesia from American attacks. Militant groups of ?Indonesia even carried and used arms to protect its right to institute an Islamic state split from ?the new nation. There have been many struggles between Muslims and other religions, the ethnic ?groups during the development of Indonesia; however, not until the rise of Qaeda network and ?its global Islam ideology in the 1990’s, the fall of the Suharto regime in 1998 and the United ?States’ War on terror which began in 2001 (Rashwan 77). Basically campaigners belonging from Al-Qaeda and terrorist groups joined this Jemmah, ?resultantly, JI was pulled on several world terrorists lists .JI, however, may not actually be ?International terrorists organization (Surrette, 2009) but later it started bomb attacks in Indonesia ?in which a huge number of general population was killed. Jemmah Islamiyah serves as vital ?manuscript for understanding Southeast Asia’s most lethal terrorist groups. JI mostly trained ?young people for suicide bombing and target killing of the important dignitaries’ ?as well as vital ?assets of the country?. Another point of contention among the ranks of JI was the increasing ?numbers of Muslim civilians killed as the terrorist campaign of the Hambali-Azhari-Noordin top ?splinter outfit unfolded more and more JI members became uncomfortable with this faction’s ?chosen methods and their unintended consequences (Surre tte 13). ?3.? Laskar Jihad Thalib, an Indonesian who fought with Mujahedeens in Afghanistan, set up a group in 2000, ?named Laskar jihad. He was trained in Pakistan when he went there in 1980 to pursue further ?studies in an Islamic Mawdudi Institute situated in Lahore (Hasan 18). In 1999 clashes broke ?out in Malaku and north Malaku between Christians and Muslims of Indonesia. Thalib created ?this Jamat to control these movements. During this muddled changeover number of Muslim ?paramilitary groups like

The Internet in Our Lives Essay Example for Free

The Internet in Our Lives Essay The Internet has always made our lives easier and faster since it was invented. While some people think that the Internet is harmful or dangerous invention especially for children and teenagers, other people debates that the Internet now is functional, because they use it in the most their needs. This essay will discuss why the internet is a good invention and useful for humanity. There are many reasons why the internet should have more security. First of all, the internet provides an avenue for criminals to destroy the privacy of families. To illustrate, there are many criminals who are using to girls to get their own photos and then try to get money for avoiding spreading photos in the web sites. Secondly, pornographers which are web sites that include sexual materials, are easy to reach, because there is not enough censorship from the government on these web sites. Teenagers today are independent, because the try and search for the sexual materials. Finally, the internet now is providing the best place for thieves to create many ideas for stoling. For instance, phishing sites which buy and sell sites, fake bank sites. These sites are not censored and entirely similar to the original sites. However, if we look at the positive side of the internet, we find that the advantages are more than disadvantages. Thus, I feel that the internet is helpful in our lives for many reasons. Firstly, the internet is the best way to communicate with other people anywhere and anytime. For example, when a member of family studies abroad, the family can communicate with each other by many programs which are supported by the internet such as Skype and MSN. For this reason, the internet will be helpful for not feeling homesick, because the internet is the easier and cheaper than other ways of communicating. The other point is that the internet could be used in education. For instance, we can access our homework, listen to science lectures, and search for information about a particular topic. The internet makes our education easier; because can find information quickly. Searching for information from the library takes long time, while the internet simplifies that. Lastly, introducing our religion which is Islam using the internet, we can invite people to join Islam. People who join Islam earlier are always excited to invite other people on their country, so Islam will increase around the world. In summary, this essay illustrated the benefits and disadvantages of the internet. It illustrated that the advantages are more than the disadvantages. I think using internet has more advantages then disadvantages and I feel that the internet has changed our lives positively since it was invented, because everything around the world is changed such as technology, but it should be more censored and security from the government.

The Great Plague of Europe Essay -- Diseases/Disorders

The deadly rapidly progressing disease known as the Great Plague of Europe or what is often referred to as the Black Death that swept through the European population between 1347 and 1353 initially began in China. Throughout human discourse, all three forms of the infectious disease have played a devastating role in the epidemics that resulted in high death rates in 14th century Europe. The Black Death of Europe that occurred was the second of the three great waves to hit throughout history. The first plague broke out in the 6th century during the reign of the Byzantine under the Emperor Justinian, reaching his capital in Constantinople. The third great wave of the plague began in China’s Yunnan province in 1894, emerging in Hong Kong and then spread via shipping routes throughout the world. The plague reached the United States from a ship containing rodents carrying the plague from Hong Kong that docked at Hawaii, where the plague broke out in December 1899, and then San Fran cisco, whose plague epidemic began in the early 1900’s. A team of medical geneticists led by Mark Achtman of University College Cork in Ireland conclude that all three of the great waves of plague originated from China (Wade, 2010). The empirical evidence from their findings points out that the plague would have reached Europe across the Silk Road. Although there were three great waves of plague, the Great Plague of Europe in the 14th century was the most devastating, violent, and most viral out of the three waves. The main cause of the Great Plague of Europe came from a deadly bacterium known as Yersinia Pestis. A smear of the bubonic plague is evades the human body and concentrates itself in the lymph node. A plague patient’s blood profile would contain or... ...Diseases, 49(10), i. 4. The Black Death, 1348," EyeWitness to History, www.eyewitnesstohistory.com (2001). http://www.the-orb.net/textbooks/westciv/blackdeath.html 5. "The black death: a plague that brought change to Europe." Calliope May-June 2011: 42+. General OneFile. Web. 8 May 2012. Document URL http://go.galegroup.com/ps/i.do?id=GALE%7CA259679369&v=2.1&u=nysl_sc_sshs&it=r&p=ITOF&sw=w 6. "The Black Death." Nationalgeographic.com. N.p., n.d. Web. 19 May 2012. http://science.nationalgeographic.com/science/health-and-human-body/human-diseases/plague-article/ 7. â€Å"The Black Death Begins.† 2012. The History Channel website. May 19 2012, 9:58 http://www.history.com/videos/the-black-death-begins. 8. Wade, Nicholus. Europe’s Plagues Came From China, Study Finds. N.p.: n.p., 2010. Web. 25 Apr. 2012. .

Service Container C#

Service Container Presented by: Anton Cherkasov Service Providers  §Services are the basic building blocks of the . NET design-time architecture. They help to expose access to specific features from external objects.  §Designers and components can obtain other services through the use of service providers. A. NET service provider is represented by the System. IServiceProvider interface. The interface  provides a mechanism for retrieving a specific service object, given the type of object to retrieve.Here is the only member of this interface: object  GetService(Type  serviceType) This method, when overridden, will return an object that represents the specified service type. If the service provider cannot return an object of the specified type, then callers should expect the return value to be null. IServiceContainer Interface  §A service container allows for services to be added and removed to it. Therefore, external objects can have more control over what a service provid er exposes.A service container is actually a service provider. The interface that represents a service container is System. IServiceContainer, which is derived from IServiceProvider, as shown: public interface IServiceContainer : IServiceProvider IServiceContainer Interface Methods  §Here are the two methods of this interface: AddService: This method adds the specified service to the service container. This method has four overloads. void AddService(Type serviceType, object service); oid AddService(Type serviceType, ServiceCreatorCallback callback); void AddService(Type serviceType, object service, bool promote); void AddService(Type serviceType, ServiceCreatorCallback callback, bool promote); RemoveService: This method removes the specified service from the service container. This method has two overloads. void  RemoveService(Type  serviceType); void  RemoveService(Type  serviceType, bool  promote); ServiceContainer Class  §The . NET Framework comes with a class that is already derived from IServiceContainer to be used with the designer framework.This class is: System. ComponentModel. Design. ServiceContainer  §This class has two constructor overloads: the default constructor, and one that takes a parent service provider as a parameter. This class uses a Hashtable to store the available services. It stores both service instances and service callbacks into this table for retrieval. How does it work? Pros  §The combination of services, providers, and service containers form a simple design pattern that gives a lot of advantages. For example: creates weak binding between client components and the services they use; – creates a simple repository and service discovery mechanism that allows easily scale the application (or part thereof). – allows for lazy loading of services, there is a method AddService overload, creating services, when they ask for the first time; – is an alternative to static classes; – supports prog ramming, based on contracts; – applicable to implement the service-factory; – suitable to create an architecture that supports plug-ins. Questions?

Effect of social media on Family time Essay

As human beings we need to socialise and communicate with others. Of all the relations that we have in life, the most precious and strong are the ones with our families. Many a times during adversities when the closest of friends may leave us, our families – parents, siblings, spouses, children etc. are those who stand by us, giving all the support that we need. With the passing of time and evolving of technology, social media has creeped into our lives as an integral part. Having both good and bad sides, I think social media on our family time effects in connecting family members that are far away, creating distance among close family members and breaking of relationships. Connecting with family, relatives or even friends that live abroad is one of the greatest ways social media helps keep the bonds alive. In the past when a child would go abroad to study or when any family member would travel for a certain purpose, their family behind could only hope to hear from them via ha ndwritten letters. Thereafter came about telephone calls and then came e-mails. Now in this era, with people posting about their daily activities on social networking sites like Facebook or Twitter, the families or parents are well updated regarding their loved ones. Many lost childhood friends are easily found and reconnected. Moreover a growing number of married couples are seen to have found each other on some form of social networking sites. Serving well in its purpose of connecting people, social media does also cause distancing of those who are close to us. Too much of anything is bad. Balanced amount of time given in social networking can be good but when we spend hours after hours on it, we often see ourselves distancing from direct family. How often it is seen that a teenager or young adult remains busy on his or her phone completely ignoring their parents or siblings or having minimal conversations with them.

BookBaby Review Read This First (+ Promo Codes!)

BookBaby Review Read This First (+ Promo Codes!) BookBaby Review: Read This First (Plus Promo Codes!) If you’re planning to self-publish a book, you probably already know all the biggest names in the game: KDP, IngramSpark, Lulu, and of course, BookBaby. You can read about the pros and cons of each of these companies in the posts linked above, but this review will focus exclusively on the latter. We’ll first cover what BookBaby is and how to use it, then lead into the relative merits - and potential stumbling blocks - of using it to self-publish your book. BookBaby review: what you need to know in 2019 What is BookBaby?BookBaby is a platform for self-publishing authors that includes editing, design, and marketing services, as well as distribution packages for both ebooks and print books. Over the past couple years, it’s become one of the most high-profile print-on-demand (POD) companies for authors, and continues to be a popular choice in 2019.Five fast facts about BookBaby:Founded in 2011 in Portland, Oregon ☔President and CEO is Steven Spatz, who’s written two books on publishing ðŸ“â€"Approximately 8,000 users in 2018 (though not all have published a book) 👠ªDistributes through Amazon, Kobo, Apple Books, Barnes Noble, and other major retailers in over 170 countries ðŸÅ'ŽHosts an annual Independent Authors Conference in Philadelphia, with workshops and panels from industry experts âÅ" Packages and servicesBookBaby offers a number of packages and individual services for self-publishing authors. We’ll break down the main ones for you here , but you can check out the full list on their website.â€Å"The Complete Self-Publishing Package† - $1,699BookBaby’s most popular package, according to the site. The Complete Self-Publishing Package includes cover design and formatting, ebook conversion, 25 print books, an ISBN number, worldwide distribution, a professional Facebook ad campaign, and a listing in the BookBaby online store (which allows you to sell directly to readers). Note that editing services are not included, however - nor any kind of discount if you wish to print more than 25 books, which is a serious drawback for authors printing in bulk.Printed Book Distribution - $299 + cost of bulk printing orderAlready have your manuscript and cover prepared? Then you’ll want to go with the printed book distribution package, which uses BookBaby’s POD service. This allows you to choose from various aesthetic options, order high-quality print copies, and sell your book all over the world.But ke ep in mind that the $299 charge is on top of your actual print order. For reference, 100 copies of a 300-page book will set you back $861 (and that’s without shipping!). Add the POD fee and your total comes to $1,160 for this particular package.So what does that $299 fetch you? The answer is distribution: again, BookBaby has an extensive distribution network, which includes every major retailer in the world. That said, you can get more bang for your buck from other POD services - like IngramSpark, which cuts out the distribution â€Å"middleman† that makes other platforms' fee so high. Basically, if you want to sell a large quantity of books, make sure you know your options.Ebook Conversion and Distribution - $249Alternatively, if you don’t want to print any books, you can opt for the ebook conversion and distribution package instead. Though BookBaby plays up its file conversion service and quality checks by â€Å"content conversion specialists,† youâ⠂¬â„¢re mainly paying for the distribution once again: as with the print package, your ebook will be sold in 60+ stores in over 170 countries.Copy and Line Editing - $7-10 per pageNow let’s talk individual services. For copy editing, BookBaby charges $7/page, while line editing is $10/page. Putting that in perspective, a copy edit for a 300-page book would be $2,100, and a line edit would be $3,000 - slightly higher than the average Reedsy estimates. Their site does promise rapid turnaround times at these prices: 8-10 business days for a full line edit, and just 6-8 days for a line edit. However, keep in mind that speed doesn’t necessarily beget quality, especially when it comes to editing.Book Cover Design - $399-549BookBaby also touts its cover design services, which come in two modes: â€Å"Basic† and â€Å"Deluxe.† The Basic design package costs $399 and includes, well, a basic cover design - a single, central image with fairly standard text. The Deluxe package, on the other hand, involves more sophisticated imagery and text for the higher price of $549. You can see the difference between the Basic and Deluxe options in the images below. So what’s the bottom line?BookBaby is a good option for authors who:  Want an easy-to-use interface and a bit of hand-holding through the process;Don’t mind paying a high price for bulk orders + distribution; and/orOnly want to print a small quantity of books.BookBaby is not a good option for authors who:Plan to print and distribute more than 25 books;Want to self-publish and distribute an ebook; and/orRequire additional services such as editing, typesetting, marketing, etc. - you can find a better deal elsewhere.BookBaby promo codesBookBaby might be tough on your wallet, but if you’re sold on their POD service, then you’re in luck! Here are two promo codes you can use to save on bulk orders, PLUS a coupon for free shipping. However you choose to publish, we hope the final product looks fantastic. 💠¯Enter the code SAVE100 at checkout to save $100 on 100 books or more.Enter the code PUBLISH100 at checkout to save $500 on 500 books or more.Finally, enter the code FREESHIPBB for free shipping on 25 books or more.Got any more questions about BookBaby? Feel free to leave them in the comments!

The Color Purple paper essays

The Color Purple paper essays The brilliant author Benjamin Lee Whorf once stated, Language shapes the way we think, and determines what we can think about. Language is an essential implement of communication and expression, which gives a character a certain identity. In The Color Purple by Alice Walker, the development of Celie s character is defined through her language. Celies altering point of view, informal diction, and change in tone reveal her lack of education, and the confidence, maturity, independence, and contentment that she gains, despite the persistent oppression existing in her everyday life. Celies altering point of view demonstrates the transformation of her character throughout the novel. Celie writes in the first-person in epistolary letters, which she initially addresses to God. Her stepfather, Alphonso, forbids her to mention that he raped her to anyone. You better not never tell nobody but God. Itd kill your mammy(1). She is ashamed of who she is, and there is no one who will be able listen to her except for God. Celie hopes God will give her the answers she needs to know about her life. I have always been a good girl. Maybe you can give me a sign letting me know what is happening to me (1). Living in a patriarchal society, Celie initially sees God as big and old and tall and gray bearded and white. He wears white robes and go barefooted (201). Celie is only able to express her loneliness and oppression by writing to God. After writing many letters to God, Celie feels that He doesnt listen to her prayers. Celie explains to Shug why she stops writing letters to God. Anyhow, I say, the God I been praying and writing to is a man. And act just like all the other mens I know. Trifling, forgitful, and lowdown (199). Her point of view shifts in that she no longer feels any comfort in God. Because God ignores Celie, just like every other m...