Tuesday, January 28, 2020
Monday, January 20, 2020
Mark Twains The Damned Human Race Essay -- Mark Twain Humanity Damned
Mark Twain's The Damned Human Race Within his essay of The Damned Human Race, author Mark Twain powerfully declares that the human race is both flawed and corrupt, and that people actually should be classified as 'lower animals' rather than the formerly known 'higher animals.' Twain does not hold claim to a Darwinian or creation standpoint, but rather draws conclusions from his own observations in performed experiments. He states that 'man is the cruel animal,' and that we can attribute this to his moral character. However, there appears to be another side which contradicts his findings. Perhaps man is indeed the 'highest animal,' but possesses something which other animals do not. Ã Ã Ã Ã Ã Twain claims that his observations are based on experiments executed in the London Zoological Gardens. With these examinings, he went on to state that humans displayed a variety of shortcoming not seen in other animals. His first point was that humans were cruel, while other animals were not. This was backed by the story of the hunter killing seventy-two buffalo, and eating only part of one. He contradicted this by experimenting with anacondas and calves. The anaconda only killed what it needed, as opposed to the Earl. This seemed to suggest to Twain that the man descended from the anaconda, and not the other way around. Perhaps the Earl did not respect the buffalo, which is true. But does it mean that all humans always kill to be cruel and wasteful? Or could some animals exhibit sig...
Sunday, January 12, 2020
Abc Model of Crisis Intervention
Although not everyone that comes across a stressor in life will experience a crisis, some are unable to cope with the stressor in a healthy manner and eventually succumb to a crisis. If this person does not receive the adequate crisis intervention during this state, he or she is likely to be unable to function at the level he or she had been functioning before the crisis. This will inevitably lead to additional crisis scenarios for every stressor they must face in life. This pattern can go on for many years until the personââ¬â¢s ego is completely drained of its capacity to deal with reality; often such people commit suicide, kill someone, or have a psychotic breakdown. â⬠(Kanel, K. 2007). In order to be able to help the client to the best of the counselorââ¬â¢s abilities, the ABC Model of Crisis Intervention provides a useful guideline to learn about crisis intervention.In our textbook, Kanel states that ââ¬Å"The three aspects of a crisis are (1) A precipitating event occurs; (2) the perception of this event leads to subjective distress; and (3) usual coping methods fail, leading the person experiencing the event to function psychologically, emotionally, or behaviorally at a lower level than before the precipitating event occurred. â⬠In order to successfully help a client cope with a crisis, these three components must be recognized so that the counselor can help the client identify and overcome the crisis.The perception of the event is by far the most crucial to identify, as this is the one that can help the counselor select the best treatment for the client. In order to be a successful crisis intervention counselor, the most important skills needed are listening to the client with a compassionate and empathetic ear. According to our textbook, the most basic skill of helping is listening. ââ¬Å"Good eye contact, attentive body language, expressive vocal style, and verbal following are valuable listening tools. â⬠(Kanel, K. 2007).Thi s implies that by listening to your client and demonstrating genuine care, sympathy and interest, you can build a trusting rapport with your client and enable them to truly open up to you. If you are unable to build this rapport, you will go nowhere with a client that is either too embarrassed or not confident enough in your ability to help them. It is critical to identify the clientââ¬â¢s perception of the event in order to help them. This is what will tell you what the problem at hand truly is. By doing so, the counselor can help the client identify the problem and overcome their issues.I like to use the Cognitive Tree as a metaphor rather than as a guideline of sorts. You need to get to the root of the problem in order to determine how to fix it. If your roots are healthy, your branches will blossom. But if your roots are damaged and arenââ¬â¢t dealt with in a constructive and healthy manner, your branches will wither and perish. I would identify the precipitating event by directly asking the client why they came to see me. After this initial question, I would follow with several open ended questions in order to allow the client to not only describe what the problem is, but also how they perceive the problem to be.Questions like ââ¬Å"What does this mean to you? â⬠or ââ¬Å"â⬠What emotions are going on inside you? â⬠can allow them to express in detail their perception, without making any assumptions for them. As with any patient/client relationships, there are several ethical considerations that should be paid special attention, and if any are present, should be reported immediately. These include any suicidal or homicidal thoughts or intents made clear by the patient. If it is a possibility that they may endanger their life or someone elseââ¬â¢s life, this must be reported. Any forms of abuse are also not to be allowed or tolerated, much less encouraged.This includes child abuse, elder abuse and even spousal abuse. Whether the ab use is happening to them, someone else in their household or they are the abuser themselves, this is not to be taken lightly and would need to reported and fully investigated to ensure the best interests of the client as well as their immediate family. Substance-abuse issues also need to be addressed and in that case, adequate treatment would include detox and/or rehab services. Finally any medical concerns that may have arisen are also of concern and should be dealt with immediately.For instance, if since the event the client has become a hoarder or compulsive sex addict, these issues must also be dealt with appropriately. There are many methods of coping treatments available to your clients in todayââ¬â¢s day and age. Most traditional forms of coping treatments are those such as support groups or 12-step groups, individual or family therapy, legal aid, or even reading self-help books. Preventative techniques of coping help the client prepare for future stressors in their lives and thus help them to be more able to cope with these stressors in a normal and healthy manner.I would most likely recommend the client to meditate daily in order to remain calm. I would also tell them to envision any stressors that can ever possibly arise and to already plan how they would react to it. For instance, if a client is scared that their husband may need to have a surgery performed, I would tell them to decide how they would deal with it if it does happen. By doing so, they will already begin to face their demons and it will not appear as scary as it did.So when it does happen, it lost all of the unexpected surprise element and can be easier to deal with. The most important thing I must keep in mind as I try to help patients cope with their crisis is that they can be the best counselor to themselves by pretending a friend of theirs was going through a similar situation. What advice would they give their friend? Odds are that is the best advice anyone can give them, so th ey might as well listen to their own advice.References Kanel, Kristi (2007). A Guide to Crisis Intervention. Belmont, CA; Cengage Learning.
Friday, January 3, 2020
Dorothy Of The White House - 1355 Words
Dorothy Day grew up without a Catholic background, but had a strong will for social justice. She was a natural pacifist which she expressed even before converting to Catholicism. She worked for the Call which encouraged her picketing and strikes against social injustices. (57) Later, Dorothy also protested with women against suffragists in front of the White House and was arrested. During her time in prison, she got involved with a hunger strike which caused the demands to be met. (82) She had a strong will for the fairness of others. Dorothy had lived in an apartment in Chicago for a short time. She became acquainted with Catholicism in a couple she had met there. After analyzing them, she realized they are not lonely like she is because they are Catholic. They have a God to love and pray to. (106) Dorothy began to gain Catholic faith while she was in a common law marriage with an atheist anarchist named Forster. He disagreed with and discouraged her faith, but this didnââ¬â¢t stop her. She found out she was pregnant with his child and wanted to baptize her in the Catholic church after she was born and later got herself baptized after working hard to learn religion. Forster left her for this. She chose God over man by this point. (140) This showed how important her faith was in her life. The Great Depression began and Dorothyââ¬â¢s awareness of the need for Catholic stance grew. ââ¬Å"It was a time for pressure groups, for direct action, and radicalism was thriving among all groupsShow MoreRelatedThe Wond erful Wizard Of Oz754 Words à |à 4 Pagesobjects represent anger while white characters symbolize good. Baum uses colors to a greater extent when he takes his protagonist Dorothy through the magical land of Oz. Colors in this novel play a crucial part in separating Dorothyââ¬â¢s home life in Kansas from her adventure through Oz. L. Frank Baumââ¬â¢s use of colors in The Wonderful Wizard of Oz symbolize maturity, loyalty and protection within the characters of the novel. To begin this tale, L. Frank Baum opens with Dorothy in her hometown Kansas. Dorothyââ¬â¢sRead MoreElsie de Wolfe, Eleanor McMillen Brown, and Dorothy Draper Paved the Way for Interior Designers1121 Words à |à 5 PagesElsie de Wolfe, Eleanor McMillen Brown, and Dorothy Draper were three extraordinary women who pioneered the field we know today as interior decorating. All three of these women grew up in high societies, which gave them an excellent understanding of the rich, the famous and their expensive tastes. De Wolfe, McMillen, and Draper all had prominent careers from the mid 1800ââ¬â¢s until the early to mid 1900ââ¬â¢s. Most of their work was for the rich and famous in American high societies. Elsie de Wolfe wasRead MoreElsie de Wolfe, Eleanor McMillen Brown, and Dorothy Drapers Impacts on Interior Decorating886 Words à |à 4 PagesMcMillen Brown, and Dorothy Draper. Their styles and way of doing things put them down in the books as some of the greatest. Between the decorators their styles vary, some have similarities while some are completely different. For instance, Elsie de Wolfe who is considered to be the first lady of interior decoration believed in simplicity, suitability, and proportion. She hated the Victorian style but she loved the complete opposite, French style. Everything had to be white and gold with elegantRead MoreWizard Of Oz Analysis Essay1079 Words à |à 5 Pagescomes just after the house has been picked up in the twister. Dorothys house has been lifted up into the sky and suddenly dropped back down to earth in the middle of the Land of Oz. In the scene itself, Dorothy leaves her home to see that she is Not in Kansas anymore, and finds the new and amazing world of the munchkin city in front of her. She also meets Gwendela the good witch as her journey in Oz begins. Shot 1: Wide shot. View behind Dorothy in black and white. Dorothy opens the door toRead MoreThere s No Place Like Home1127 Words à |à 5 PagesChristmas, ââ¬Å"The Wizard of Ozâ⬠was on, and luckily, it had just started! However, being eight, and for seeing it for the first time, one of the things I didnââ¬â¢t understand about the movie was the fact that the 1930ââ¬â¢s and 40ââ¬â¢s werenââ¬â¢t ACTUALLY black and white. I also failed to understand that ââ¬Å"The Wizard of Ozâ⬠wasnââ¬â¢t about a girl on LSD, and that ââ¬Å"The Wizard of Ozâ⬠symbolized something Kansas, and there was more to the story than what meets the eyeâ⬠¦ Kansas, when you havenââ¬â¢t lived in the Great Plains atRead MoreThe Wizard of Oz Film1371 Words à |à 5 Pagesof Oz is a musical fantasy film about a girl named Dorothy who lives in dull, colorless Kansas. She lives with her aunt, uncle, and interacts everyday with the farmhands. Ms. Gulch, Dorothyââ¬â¢s nasty neighbor comes to take Toto because he had bit her and she got a warrant to seize the dog. Dorothy runs away with Toto, but after encountering a fortune teller, she returns. During a tornado she is knocked unconscious, only to wake up to find her house has been picked up and swept away to a place of vibrantRead MoreThe Wizard Of Oz By F. Frank Baum1604 Words à |à 7 PagesOriginal Song for Over the Rainbow. The Wizard of Oz s theme is about a girl named Dorothy, unappreciative of what she has at home. In spite of the fact that Oz was a magical place with witches good and bad, wizards and talking animals, Dorothy missed her life in Kansas. She was also saddened that she had forsaken her obligation to care for her aunt back home. The film begins with Dorothy in Kansas. During a terrible tornado, she is unwillingly whipped up and dropped into the landRead MoreDeed To My Property Essay1692 Words à |à 7 Pagesbreath and took her purse from her side. She reached inside of it, pulled out an envelope and removed some papers and laid them on the table, along with a pen. Dorothy sat up straight to take a closer view of the papers. ââ¬Å"This here is the deed to my property; the house and the one hundred acres it sits on. Now Iââ¬â¢m not giving it to you, but I want you to have in case something happens to me. I canââ¬â¢t put your name on it because it belongs to me, but if something happens to me, I wanna make sure myRead MoreEssay on Dorothys Heroic Journey in The Wizard of Oz1286 Words à |à 6 Pages42). In The Wizard of Oz, the ordinary world and the beginning of the adventure are presented with stunning visual effects. Dorothy, the protagonist, is shown struggling in her ordinary world. She is confronted by the mean neighbor Miss Gulch who wants to take away Dorothyââ¬â¢s dog Toto and give him to the animal control authorities because of Totoââ¬â¢s bad behavior. Dorothy reacts childishly with a temper tantrum, begging her Uncle Henry and Aunt Em not to let Miss Gulch have her way. She confrontsRead MoreWizard of Oz Political Allegory1305 Words à |à 6 Pageslike homeâ⬠, repeated Dorothy. A young girl trying to go back home to Kansas after a cyclone lands her and her dog, Toto, in the Land of Oz. There Dorothy meets the Scarecrow, the TinMan, and the Cowardly Lion who are all in need of something that is considered important to them; a brain, a heart, and courage. Along the way, they have to travel to Emerald City to see the Wizard of Oz, directed by the Good Witch of t he North, especially for Dorothy to get back home. However, Dorothy and the gang run into
Thursday, December 26, 2019
Witches And The Puritan Society - 921 Words
In the 17th century church was the foundation of the people of New England. The main religion of the time was Puritanism which carried over when most of the colonist moved to Massachusetts. The main reason that the colonist moved was to find religious tolerance away from the strict Puritan lifestyle. Puritans believed that the smallest sin could result in a huge misfortune. They were also frowned upon for expressing their feelings and opinions, and were expected to have no individual differences. They believed in the devil just as much as they believed in God. The Puritan people constantly struggled between good and evil, which often led to giving into the temptation of Satan. Those who gave into the temptations and followed Satan were considered witches. Witchcraft to the Puritan people was one of the worst crimes committed and those who committed it were sentenced to death. Most of those who were believed to be witches were females. To the Puritans, witches were usually female beca use they were believed to have made a promise to Satan. The Puritans used witchcraft as a way to prove that Satan and his powers were real. The witch craze took over the small Puritan area of Salem Village, Massachusetts in 1692. It was late February of 1692 when the Reverend Parris had a doctor take a look at her daughter, Betty and his niece, Abigail after long term strange fits. The fits included seizures, horrifying screams, erratic behaviors and the appearance of bruises and bites onShow MoreRelatedThe Salem Witch Trial1152 Words à |à 5 Pagesbecause of one factor such as Ergotism, but several more. The affliction started by mind suggestion. The early beliefs and superstitions in Puritanical society that were practiced on an everyday basis supported the idea that the behaviors and physical conditions of the afflicted girls were the evil works of the witches, and the Devil. Among many Puritans, this belief becomes a fear, and then this fear becomes like an additional topping that adds up to causing convulsive hysteria and also hallucinationsRead MoreAmerican Horror Story: Witch Hunt702 Words à |à 3 PagesThe fear of and execution of witches isnt only an American horror story, this particular hunt was in place in England before. In 1542 parliament made witchcraft a capital crime, and between the years of 1645-1647 several hundred were hanged(Karlsen 2). Although in theory, men and children could be witches but still ninety percent of the witches hanged in England were women. The country feared the witches because of the belief that they caused harm on neighbors and properties, also called maleficium(KarlsenRead MoreThe Salem Witch Trial Hysteria1196 Words à |à 5 Pagesconsisted of Puritans, both Separatists and non Separatists alike. From the start, the Puritans believed that the Bible was true in all aspects: every word, every idea, every thought--was true. The Puritans also had minimal understanding of science, which led them to believe that phe nomenon was an act of the Devil. Thus, when three young girls admitted to seeing demons and started behaving strangely, the Puritans grew progressively hysterical because they became more convinced that witches existed withinRead MoreThe Crucible Reflection1083 Words à |à 5 PagesThe Crucible takes place in Old New England during the time when Puritans were the dominant culture. The movie is based around incidents that sparked the Salem witch trials. In 1692 a woman by the name of Abigail Williams, the niece of the esteemed Reverend Parris, and a group of her friends where playing in the forest with an African American Slave named Tituba in Salem, Massachutes. They were caught with the slave and questioned. Unfortunately, when they were caught one of the girls, Betty, fainted;Read MoreAn Analysis of Theme in Hawthornes Young Goodman Brown Essays860 Words à |à 4 PagesNathaniel Hawthorne, in his short story ââ¬Å"Young Goodman Brown,â⬠details the frailty of human moralit y when he has the storyââ¬â¢s protagonist (Goodman Brown) journey through the forest on All Hollows Eve to witness/participate in a witchesââ¬â¢ Sabbath just to see what evil/sin is all about. During Young Goodman Brownââ¬â¢s journey, his faith is shaken as he witnesses those he respects the most also journeying to and participating in the witchââ¬â¢s Sabbath. In ââ¬Å"Young Goodman Brown,â⬠Nathaniel Hawthorne demonstratesRead More Salem Lifestyle Triggers Death Essay1660 Words à |à 7 Pagesthe unstable condition of the village, and the colonistsââ¬â¢ way of life. The colonists of Salem village were Puritans, and the preachings of this religion played a major role in the cause of the trials. The religion in the colony was based upon Puritan theology. Puritan theology was influenced by John Calvin, who believed that the ââ¬Å"electâ⬠would prosper (Burner 43). All of the Puritans believed that God set up the social classes in each community. If someone was meant to prosper during their lifeRead MoreThe Salem Witch Trials : Witchcraft And Magic Were Two Ideas1180 Words à |à 5 Pagespeople accused of being witches in Salem, Massachusetts did not practice witchcraft. The Puritans were falsely accused of sorcery which can be proven through many theories and the false credibility of legal evidence. The lifestyle of the Puritans may have influenced the witch craze. According to the Discovery School Web Site, the Puritans had restricted lives; they were expected to repress inner emotions and opinions and if they werenââ¬â¢t theyââ¬â¢d be punished. The small Puritan colony of MassachusettsRead MoreSalem Witch Trials1478 Words à |à 6 Pagespracticing witchcraft. These trials were caused by different social climates of the area including the very strong lack of a governor, the split between Salem Village and Salem Town, and the strict puritan lifestyle during the time period. Tituba, the black slave, was a foreigner from Barbados. Her role in society was to take care of Mr. Parrisââ¬â¢s family. Titubaââ¬â¢s situation contributed to her role in the witch trials because Mr. Parris promised her freedom if she confessed guilty. Tituba also realized thatRead MoreA Delusion Of Satan By Frances Hill Essay1532 Words à |à 7 Pagestrials. In the novel, Hill started out exp laining the Puritansââ¬â¢ beliefs and customs, the gender roles of men and women in Salem and why women were easily accused of being witches and practicing witchcraft in the 17th century. During that time, women were easily accused of practicing witchcraft because they were viewed as physically, politically and spiritually weaker than men. Men were perceived as the power, status, and worthy in the society, and they dominated womenââ¬â¢s behavior and social statusRead MoreSalem Witch Trials Paranoia Essay1629 Words à |à 7 PagesTrials shook the Puritan foundation of America. There was fear linked to the Devil and how it is omnipresence. The Puritan belief in the Devil psychologically had a profound effect on New England anxiety. Most of the people in Massachusetts were Puritan colonists who fled England, seeking religious tolerance, but the Puritan beliefs and rules were far from tolerant. The Puritans believed that witchcraft wasnââ¬â¢t only reasonable, but it was also s cientifically rational. To the Puritans, the Devil was
Wednesday, December 18, 2019
Emerson, Buddha, Confucius, and Jesus Where Does the Self...
Emerson, Buddha, Confucius, and Jesus: Where Does the Self Stand? Ralph Waldo Emersonââ¬â¢s ideas from his essay Self-Reliance may sound absurd to some, though this also helps to ensure that his ideas on self-reliance are some of the most well known on the subject. Many people these days seem to be more inclined towards focusing almost entirely on the self, rather than going and pleasing other people. There are also other teachings from the past that are contradicted by the ideas in Emersonââ¬â¢s essay. One notable statement that Emerson made was that ââ¬Å"Nothing can bring you peace but yourself (Emerson, 47).â⬠This is slowly becoming the truth for most individuals, who are taking up this approach, rather than going around and pleasing other peopleâ⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦One should be wary of his actions towards the whole, which is in contradiction with what Emerson is preaches in his works. It should also be noted that some of the teachings of Buddhism regardin g happiness and serenity of the person deal with how to treat one another. The reward given to a person who treats others well might not be experienced in their present lifetime, but will instead occur in a future life. The idea of self is not given much attention, especially when compared to Emersonââ¬â¢s ideas of self. Another teaching of Buddha is ââ¬Å"One should do what one teaches others to do; if one would train others, one should be well controlled oneself. Difficult, indeed, is self-control. (ââ¬Å"The Dhammapada,â⬠60)â⬠Even if the self would be taken into notice at this point, oneââ¬â¢s action should still be in coordination with the betterment of others. Emerson also seemed to be going the opposite way compared to Confuciusââ¬â¢ ideas. Whereas Emersonââ¬â¢s ideas basically state that one should only take into consideration what will make him achieve happiness, Confucius believed that happiness of the person should rely on what he has done to anot her person; this has been referred to often as the golden rule and it states ââ¬Å"What you do not want done to yourself, do not do unto others.â⬠The happiness of the person still depends others, unlike Emersonââ¬â¢s proposal that the self should be happy regardless of what another person might think towards him or how others might be
Tuesday, December 10, 2019
Environmental Hazards and Toxicity-Free-Samples for Students
Question: Discuss about the Environmental Hazards and Toxicity. Answer: Introduction Weather is becoming warmer and warmer, throughout the world, because of the increasing ambient temperature and the resultant global warming. The condition of the workers in the weather that is humid and hotter increases the heat stress risk, especially, for those, who are working in open and no shaded surfaces. Hence, additional care has to be taken care for the open place working workers, to ensure safe working conditions and hazardless environment. The risk assessment for the heat stress is developed for ensuring safe working conditions, by ensuring them to prevent the workers from any possibilities of developing the heat stress. Heat Stress Heat is generated, basically within the body itself and also gets acquired from the environment, externally. The extra heat generated in the body is lost from the body, by the attempts of sweat evaporation from the surface of the skin. If the body is cold, excess heat is generated through shivering. Heat stress is the result of heat accumulation exceeding the bodys ability for removing this excess heat. Core temperature is maintained by a human body and it is done in a range that is very narrow. When this limit is exceeded, failure of the vital organs will be resulted and eventually, the human may die after becoming unconscious. The mechanism of the main human body is losing the heat that is in excess, through sweat evaporation. The sweat evaporation causes to lose only water, so that much heat is not lost, from the body (WSH, 2010). Sweat evaporation involves the process of changes of sweat from the state of liquid to gas. More sweat evaporation is done for the lower moisture content of the air, relatively and when the moisture content is high, less evaporation gets occurred, in high relative humidity. When the physical work is intense, more than one litre of sweat or liquid can be lost, in an hour, in the form of sweating. In case, the loss of this body fluid is in larger amounts, through the sweating process, the result would be dehydration and it results in blood circulation impairment and also the body temperature regulation. So, replacement of water should be done through frequent drinking of water for maintaining adequate hydration, so that the mechanism of sweating of human functions optimally. Risks Though continuous intake of water is done, in the heat, there is a possibility of the heat stress, since the body continuously tries to remove the heat that is excess. The syndromes of the heat stress are heat cramps, heat stroke and heat exhaustion. Heat Cramps This earliest sign is the muscle tonic contraction symptom of cramping in the legs. It is usually, because of the electrolyte and fluid losses from huge sweating and happens after heavy physical work. The treatment for this is replacing electrolytes and fluid and taking rest. Heat Stroke Heat stoke occurs, when extra heat was unable to remove, because of increase of core temperature. It results in inability to talk, become unconscious and lose functions of bowel and bladder and may fail the seating mechanism. It may damage the vital body organs, like kidney, brain, liver. If it not treated in time, it may result in death. The treatment is to alert the workers and first aiders. Immediate attention must be sought by the worker, if he or she feels dizzy, unwell, painful cramps, headache or if anyone collapses. The body has to be cooled, preferably in an air conditioned area, sponge with water, after, removing cloths and then fanning. Circulation has to be restored and legs are to be elevated one foot above the ground. Then ambulance has to be called for sending to the hospital. Heat Exhaustion It occurs, when the electrolytes and water are lost from the body, as it effects the flow of blood to the vital organs. The symptoms are dizziness, feeling weak or even fainting, vision blurring, headaches and abdominal pain. Sweat is continued and body temperature is higher. The treatment would be electrolytes and fluids replacement, cooling the body and physical activity cessation (WSH, 2010). Then move the person to the area of air-condition or cooler place, sponge down after removing cloths, wet with cloth or towel and fan. Elevate the legs to above one foot above teh ground. Risks Associated The heat stress, if increased to an extent of uncontrollable condition could result into the heat stroke development. And the consequences of the heat stress would be serious. WSH Factors of Heat Stress in the Workplace There are three important factors that contribute the heat stress in the site, of the company (WSH, 2012). Factors, related to the personal workers, such as acclimatisation, hydration, general health condition, age, alcohol consumption, diabetes, immune suppression, obesity and other medical conditions Nature or type of work, such as rate of work, work load, cloths worn, type of work Environment of work, such as humidity, temperature, ventilation Companys Responsibility Heat stress and the resulting heat stroke would have serious conditions and hence, the management and other stakeholders have to take important measurements of minimizing the risk of the heat stress, as they are responsible to act under (Workplace Safety and Health) Act. Regulations of WSH, Singapore, risk management need conducting the risk assessment by the workplaces, so that measures are taken for reducing and eliminating the risks. It demands acclimatization of the workers in the local conditions of weather, before the operations begin (WSH, 2010). Since, the workers are planned to arrive two weeks prior to the operations, the two weeks time has to be utilized in such a way that they get acclimatized to the conditions of the local weather. (Stephan Constantin, 2012) Risk Assessment Specifics Against the heat stress Against the open working Against work load According to WSH, Singapore Recommendations Preventive Actions and Measures It is important that the risk assessment includes the following measurements to be taken, so that maximum risk of the heat stress can be prevented (Hale Ytehus, 2004). Provide polyolefine coveralls to all the workers and set its wet bulb global temperature to 29,50 Temporary shelters have to be arranged within the site, so resting is possible, during shorter and regular periods. All the workers have to go through Construction Safety Orientation Course to be aware of the heat stress issues. Change the timings of total 8 or 10 hours of working, in such a way that the first 4 or 5 hours are allocated from early in the morning and finish the first half, earlier. And second half should be started just four hours before the light fails (WSH, 2013). So, lunch break should be given between 11AM to 3PM. It is possible, since all the workers are accommodated by the company. The accommodation is recommended to be maintained closer to the site, so that they can have enough time to sleep, during the night, without wasting time much in travel. It should ensure that the temperature should not be exceeding 290C and the relative humidity to 85%, according to the WSH Act (WSH, 2010). Breaks to be given after every 1 hour of working for fluid intake. Lemon water can improve the stamina to work in the hotter weather, with less exhaustive nature. Conduct outdoor activities for the workers during the two weeks prior to the beginning of work, towards acclimatisation. Maintain an AC room near the workplace. Make the cool drinking and sports drinking water closer to the workers and also ensure that the workers have 500 ml water, every hour. First aid equipment and necessary materials. First aider and doctor to be present always in the site, during The companys park construction comes under Heat Stress 2, since the workers work under sun. Initially, the workload has to be 2 days and should be gradually increased. Requisites The company is requested to provide the following equipment, infrastructure and the necessary budget. Equipment, infrastructure, Material and Others Sports drinking water, supplied closer to every part of the operational site. One air conditioned room to accommodate the workers to rest for a while, before and after the shift and in case of any heat strokes. Temporary Shades WBGT Monitor First aid First aider Doctor close to the site Contact numbers of ambulance, hospital Risk supervisor Other facilities Budget Request The budget required - S.No. Facility Budget in USD 1 Sports drinking water 500 2 One air conditioned room 1000 3 WBGT Monitor 100 4 Temporary Shades 100 5 First aid 50 6 First aider 1000 7 Doctor close to the site 1500 8 Risk Supervisor 1500 9 Polyolefine Coveralls 1000 10 Other facilities 250 The total budget required is = 7000 USD Evaluation Measures Ensure personal fitness enough to work in construction of the park, before appointment of the worker. Conduct medical test after one week of the initiation of the work, to ensure the acclimatisation of the workers. Ensure checklist of the risk assessment factors to be verified, every day, before the shift begins. Report to Company The parking construction project is carried in the open sun, with no shade and so the risk assessment, risk factors and recommendations, along with the budget are provided in the report. It is requested to provide the recommended facilities, according to the WSH Act. Conclusion Risk assessment has been performed after a detailed exploration of heat stress, its causes, factors and treatments. Risk assessment is performed to prevent the accidents and hazards and the recommendations are provided in the report. References WSH Council, 2010, Workplace Safety and Health Guidelines: Managing Heat Stress in the Workplace, Workplace Safety and Health Council. WSH Council, 2012, Code of Practice on Workplace Safety and Health Risk Management Workplace Safety and Health Council. WSH Council, 2013, Workplace Safety and Health Guidelines Statutory Medical Examination Workplace Safety and Health Council. WSH Council, 2008, Workplace Safety and Health Guidelines Healthcare Workplace Safety and Health Council. WSHC, 2008, Workplace Safety and Health Guidelines - Hotels, Food and Beverage, Workplace Safety and Health Council. 2006, Occupational Safety and Health Management System, Fanning, F. E., 2003, Basic Safety Administration A Handbook for the New Safety Specialist, American Society of Safety Engineers, Chicago Ladou, Joseph, 2006,Current Occupational Environmental Medicine,4th ed. McGraw-Hill Professional.. Roughton, James, 2002,Developing an Effective Safety Culture: A Leadership Approach, 1st ed. Butterworth-Heinemann Stephan, Constantin, 2012, Industrial Health, Safety and Environmental Management, 3rd edition, epubli, Berlin. Hale A, Ytehus I, 2004, Changing requirements for the safety profession: roles and tasks, Journal of Occupational Health Safety, Australia and New Zealand Della, Giustina, Daniel, E. 2000, Developing a Safety and Health Program, Lewis Publishers, New York
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